A very good morning to all,…
Here we are with our next article based on current news which contains some difficult words, we will highlight and explain those words in order to improve your vocabulary skills and to have a good command on English language section. Hope this will help you with your preparation.
Article : Freedom for the farmer
Source : The Hindu Article
The Maharashtra government’s decision to promulgate (एलान करना) an ordinance (अध्यादेश) this week to exempt (मुक्त) farmers from having to mandatorily (अनिवार्य) sell their fruit and vegetable crop at mandis governed by a 1963 law on marketing farm produce, is a bold and laudable step. That Chief Minister Devendra Fadnavis has stood his ground against the powerful lobby of middlemen, who shut shop in protest, is even more commendable. The problem with the present regime, under which produce has to be sold through Agricultural Produce Market Committees, is that farmers seldom benefit from price movements; traders rake in the upside that consumers are forced to shell out. When onion prices soar, for instance, it is usually traceable (मिल) to APMC mandis in Nashik. This reform could help check household food expenditure by cutting out high intermediary costs to an extent. But an even more critical objective is to make Indian agriculture a sustainable economic activity. Maharashtra’s move is pertinent (उचित) as acute indebtedness (ऋण) among farmers in the State has become almost systemic over the past decade. If the Central government wants to double farmers’ incomes in five years (not an easy task even over a decade, going by official data from 2003 to 2013), several interventions are necessary, including better irrigation facilities, and the freedom to sell output where farmers get the best price. Fruits and vegetables are a good place to start dismantling (निराकरण) monopolies of the sort that Indian industry was freed from 25 years ago. Despite a substantially lower acreage than crops such as cereals and pulses, they contribute a quarter of farm sector incomes. Estimates vary, but there is no denying that a significant chunk of horticultural produce just rots. That wouldn’t be the case if farmers could sell easily to food processing units, or even directly to consumers via e-commerce channels.
Breaking the stranglehold of APMCs must be accompanied with easier access to credit and market information services, for which farmers often rely on their captive buyers; there also needs to be a greater push for cooperative groups so that marginal and small farmers have adequate negotiating heft in a free market. Healthy competition among private traders and processing units, government procurement agencies and cooperative farmer-producer groups would improve price discovery from farm to fork. Going ahead, Maharashtra and other States also need to back the Centre’s ambitious plan unveiled (अनावरण किया) this April to create an e-National Agriculture Market for 25 major crops. BJP-ruled or not, States must wrestle with vested interests and create more choices for the farmer and the consumer. Though seven States had already implemented the Centre’s June 2014 advisory to allow farmers to sell their horticultural produce anywhere instead of through APMCs, Maharashtra’s initiative is crucial as it has a larger agrarian economy with a greater impact on national food market dynamics.
Meaning of the words highlighted in the article
1. Promulgate (verb) – promote or make widely known (an idea or cause)
Synonyms – annunciate, declare
Antonyms – refrain, conceal
Ex: It seems as though the candidate is airing commercials every hour to promulgate his political platform.
2. Ordinance (noun)– an authoritative order
Synonyms – decree, enactment
Antonyms – veto, disorganization
Ex: Slavery was abolished by a royal ordinance of 1897.
3. Exempt (adjective) – free from an obligation or liability imposed on others
Synonyms – excluded, absolved
Antonyms – hindered, liable
Ex: He is also exempt from serving in the reserve forces or on a jury.
4. Mandatorily (adjective) – required by law or mandate, compulsory
Synonyms – obligatory, Compulsary
Ex: Financial instruments within its scope that were previously classi fi ed as equity, such as mandatorily redeemable shares, must be classi fi ed as a liability.
5. Traceable (noun) – to find
Synonyms – attributable, trackable
Ex: The site, which is traceable, is surrounded by gardens.
6. Pertinent (adjective) – relevant or applicable to a particular matter, apposite
Synonyms – opportune, applicable
Antonyms – irrelevant, unsuitable
Ex: The Deans took turns relating the story, careful to include all the pertinent details.
7. Indebtedness ( noun) – the state of owing something (usually money) to someone, or the total amount owed
Synonyms – debt, liability
Antonyms – asset
Ex: Cursed be that mortal inter-indebtedness which will not do away with ledgers.
8. Dismantling (verb) – take (a machine or structure) to pieces
Synonyms –demolish, wreck
Antonyms – construct, restore
Ex: The dismantling of its fortifications began in 1760, but fragments of the old walls remain.
9. Unveiled (verb) – remove a veil or covering from, in particular uncover (a new monument or work of art) as part of a public ceremony
Synonyms –unbosom, discover
Antonyms – veil, protect
Ex: Speak of the geological deposits as so completely unveiled to us here,
10. Vested (verb) – confer or bestow (power, authority, property, etc.) on someone
Synonyms –dressed, robed
Ex: He is vested in surplice, stole and cope.
Word of the Day
Unfasten
Meaning (English) – wanting or devouring great quantities of food.
Meaning (Hindi) – विलंब करना
Synonyms – detach, unbuckle
Antonyms – connect, button
Example – When Sachin was six, we decided that he needed to know how to fasten and unfasten his seat belt.
उदाहरण –जब सचिन छह वर्ष का था तो हमने निर्णय किया कि उसे अपनी कुर्सी की पेटी खोलना और बंद करना आना आवश्यक है।
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