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SBI PO Recruitment 2021 - 2000 Posts

November 13, 2020 Share Like Labels: gr8

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<div style="text-align: justify;">Good news for banking aspirants, the State Bank of India has came out with the recruitment notification for Probationary Officers (POs) for the year <strong>2021</strong>. There are 2000 posts in total. You can apply online from <u><em>14th November 2020</em></u> to 4th December 2020. Check complete details below. All the Best :)<br />
<h2>SBI PO 2021 Recruitment Notification Highlights</h2>
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Name of the Bank</strong> : <strong><span style="color: red;"><em>State Bank of India (SBI)</em></span></strong></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjJ_cixLUp-pgn4eWLGEVaR9O6s_vN8QhyWpiW-pF2lwBwDxt7Q5bSP_QgpuzJqwdNHitKOJ2dG27Op8ISKio1xtCKhsGQi77sgf1j7ZlIEn3eVlw6oR9YwrKvWUtpZA-et0OYM9UmQ2jU/s1600/SBI+PO+2018+Notification.png" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="321" data-original-width="520" height="197" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjJ_cixLUp-pgn4eWLGEVaR9O6s_vN8QhyWpiW-pF2lwBwDxt7Q5bSP_QgpuzJqwdNHitKOJ2dG27Op8ISKio1xtCKhsGQi77sgf1j7ZlIEn3eVlw6oR9YwrKvWUtpZA-et0OYM9UmQ2jU/s320/SBI+PO+2018+Notification.png" width="320" /></a><strong><br /></strong> <strong>Name of the Posts</strong> : <strong><span style="color: blue;">Probationary Officers (POs)</span></strong>
<p><strong>Number of Posts :</strong><br /></p>
<ul>
<li><strong>SC</strong> - 300 Posts</li>
<li><strong>ST</strong> - 150 Posts</li>
<li><strong>OBC</strong> - 540 Posts</li>
<li><strong>EWS</strong> - 200 Posts</li>
<li><strong>General</strong> - 810 Posts</li>
<li style="list-style: none; display: inline">
<ul>
<li><strong>Total</strong> - 2000 Posts</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<strong>Important Dates for SBI PO 2021 Recruitment :</strong><br />
<ul>
<li><strong>Starting Date of Online Applications</strong> : 14th November 2020<br /></li>
<li><strong>Last Date for Online Applications</strong> : 4th December 2020<br /></li>
<li><strong>Download of Call Letters for Online Preliminary Examination</strong> : 3rd Week of December 2020 onwards</li>
<li><strong>Online Examination Preliminary</strong> : 31st December 2020 and 2nd, 4th & 5th January 2021<br /></li>
<li><strong>Result of Online Exam - Preliminary</strong> : 3rd Week of January 2021<br /></li>
<li><strong>Download of Call Letters for Online Main Exam</strong> : 3rd Week of January 2021<br /></li>
<li><strong>Conduct of Online Examination Main</strong> : 29th January 2021<br /></li>
<li><strong>Declaration of Result - Main</strong> : 3rd / 4th Week of February 2021<br /></li>
<li><strong>Download Call Letter for Interview</strong> : 3rd / 4th Week of February 2021 onwards<br /></li>
<li><strong>Conduct of Group Exercises & Interview</strong> : February / March 2021<br /></li>
<li><strong>Declaration of Final Result</strong> : Last week of March 2021<br /></li>
</ul>
<strong>Application Fee</strong> :<br />
<ul>
<li><strong>SC / ST / PWD</strong> : Rs. Nil</li>
<li><strong>General / OBC</strong> : Rs. 750/- </li>
</ul>
<strong>Age</strong> (as on 1st April 2020)<br />
<ul>
<li><strong>Minimum</strong> : 21 Years</li>
<li><strong>Maximum</strong> : 30 Years</li>
</ul>
<strong>Educational Qualification</strong> (as on 31st December 2020)<br />
<ul>
<li><strong>Graduation</strong> in any discipline from a recognised University or any equivalent qualification recognised as such by the Central Government. </li>
<li>Those who are in the Final Year/ Semester of their Graduation may also apply provisionally subject to the condition that, if called for interview, they will have to produce proof of having passed the graduation examination on or before 31st December 2020.</li>
<li>Candidates having Integrated Dual Degree (IDD) certificate should ensure that the date of passing the IDD is on or before 31st December 2020.</li>
<li>Candidates possessing qualification of Chartered Accountant may also apply</li>
</ul>
<h3>Selection Procedure of SBI PO 2021 :</h3>
The Selection of SBI PO 2021 will be based on Three tiered process. They are,</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<h4><strong>Phase I</strong> : Preliminary Examination  (100 Questions - 100 Marks)</h4>
<ul>
<li>English Language</li>
<li>Quantitative Aptitude</li>
<li>Reasoning Ability</li>
</ul>
<h4>Phase II :</h4>
<strong>Objective Test :</strong><br />
<ul>
<li>Main Examination (155 Questions - 200 Marks)</li>
<li>Reasoning Ability</li>
<li>Data Analysis & Interpretation</li>
<li>General Economy / Banking Awareness</li>
<li>English Language</li>
</ul>
<strong>Descriptive Test</strong> : Letter Writing & Essay
<h4>Phase III : Group Exercises & Interview</h4>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Check detailed <a href="https://sbi.co.in/documents/77530/400725/13112020_PO+2020+-+Detailed+Advertisement+-+English.pdf/3795d355-7798-1923-955d-52bd59277758?t=1605272191443" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">notification of SBI PO 2021 from HERE</a></strong></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Apply Online from <a href="https://ibpsonline.ibps.in/sbiposamar20/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">HERE</a></strong>
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<div style="text-align: justify;"><strong><span style="color: red;">Read Current Affairs in 2 hours (January to October 2020)</span> : Download our <a href="https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.gr8ambitionz.generalawareness" target="_blank">General Awareness App from HERE</a></strong></div>
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sponsored links Good news for banking aspirants, the State Bank of India has came out with the recruitment notification for Probationary...

Legendary James Bond actor Sean Connery Passed Away

October 31, 2020 Share Like Labels: gr8

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<p>Legendary actor Sir Thomas Sean Connery (<em><strong>Sean Connery</strong></em>) passed away today due to age related issues. The 90 years old Scottish actor was best known for his portrayal of <strong>James Bond</strong>, being the first to bring the role to the big screen and appearing in seven of the spy thrillers. </p>
<p>His first Bond film was Dr. No in 1962. He has appeared in seven films as 007 during the period 1962 to 1983 (From Russia With Love, Goldfinger, Thunderball, You Only Live Twice, Never Say Never Again and Diamonds Are Forever). He remained a fan favourite and was considered the best actor to have played 007 in the long-running franchise.</p>
<p>His acting career spanned five decades and he won an <strong>Oscar</strong> (Best Supporting Actor) in 1988 for his role in <strong>The Untouchables</strong> for his roles as Jimmy Malone. He also won two Bafta awards and three Golden Globes in his long and storied career. He was knighted by Queen Elizabeth II in 2000.</p>
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<p>His other renowned films included The Hunt for Red October, Highlander, Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade and The Rock. Connery was knighted by the Queen at Holyrood Palace in 2000.<br /></p>
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<p><strong>Read Current Affairs in 2 hours (January to October 2020) : Download our <a href="https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.gr8ambitionz.generalawareness" target="_blank">General Awareness App from HERE  </a></strong></p>
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Introducing our new mobile app : General Awareness 2020 Quick Revision

October 26, 2020 Share Like Labels: gr8

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<div style="text-align: justify;">Dear Friends, we are thrilled to announce the launch of our first mobile application "<strong>General Awareness 2020 Quick Revision</strong>".<br /></div>
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This app covers the <u>current affairs from <strong>January 2020</strong> to <strong>October 2020</strong></u> and offers you the fastest and easiest way to <em>prepare General Awareness</em> section for upcoming competitive exams.
<p><strong>What's special in this App ?</strong><br /></p>
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<li>Monthly Lists (from January 2020 to October 2020)<br /></li>
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<li>Straight to the point.</li>
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<li>Free of charge.</li>
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<p style="text-align: left;">So what are you waiting for ? You can download this app from below link. Good luck and Happy Reading :)</p>
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<p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;"><strong>Download <a href="https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.gr8ambitionz.generalawareness" target="_blank">General Awareness 2020 Quick Revision App from HERE</a></strong></span></p>
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IBPS Clerks X Supplementary Recruitment 2020 Online Application Link Activated

October 23, 2020 Share Like Labels: gr8

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<p>Friends, the <strong>Institute of Banking Personnel Selection (IBPS)</strong> has decided to reopen the registration window and invite applications for <strong>IBPS Clerks X Online Examination (Preliminary & Main) 2020</strong>. The supplementary advertisement for the recruitment has been released and the online application link is also active now. You can apply online from today (23rd October 2020) to 6th November 2020. Check complete details below. All the Best :)</p>
<p><br /></p>
Please keep note that this process is only for the following categories of applicants.
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<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li>Who attained the eligibility in terms of educational qualifications by 06.11.2020.</li>
<li>Who could not register successfully from 02.09.2020 to 23.09.2020.</li>
</ul>
<p><strong>Check the <a href="https://www.ibps.in/wp-content/uploads/CRP_Clerks_Supplementary_Advt.pdf" target="_blank">notice released by IBPS about Supplementary Recruitment of Clerical Vacancies from HERE</a></strong></p>
<p><strong> </strong></p>
<p><strong>Apply Online from <a href="https://ibpsonline.ibps.in/crpcl10aug20/" target="_blank">HERE</a></strong></p>
<p><strong> </strong></p>
<p><strong>Check complete details from <a href="https://www.ibps.in/crp-clerical-cadre-x/" target="_blank">HERE</a></strong><br /></p>
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sponsored links Friends, the Institute of Banking Personnel Selection (IBPS) has decided to reopen the registration window and invite ap...

SBI Clerks (Junior Associates) 2020 Prelims Results & Mains Call Letters released

October 20, 2020 Share Like Labels: gr8

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<div style="text-align: justify;">Friends, the <strong>State Bank of India (SBI)</strong> has released the <strong>Results and Marks of SBI (Junior Associates (Customer Support & Sales / Clerks) Preliminary (Phase I) Online Exam</strong>. You can check your SBI Clerks Prelims 2020 result from below link or from the official website of the State Bank of India <a href="http://www.sbi.co.in/">www.sbi.co.in</a> by entering your Registration Number / Roll Number and Password / Date of Birth. The bank has also released main exam call letters for the selected candidates. The SBI Clerks Main Exam is scheduled to be held on <u><strong>31st October 2020</strong></u>. You can download your call letter from below link. The call letters for the main examination will be available for download at sbi's official website from today (20th October 2020) to 31st October 2020. All the Best :)</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;"> <br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Check your <a href="https://bank.sbi/web/careers/preliminary-exam-result-junior-associates-2019-20" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">SBI Clerk 2020 Preliminary Online Exam Result from here</a></strong>
<p><strong>Download your <a href="https://ibpsonline.ibps.in/sbijassdec19/clomea_oct20/login.php?appid=56f5342e2c4d13b49cb5b8ef0f60f4e8" target="_blank">SBI Clerks 2020 Main Exam Call Letters from HERE</a></strong></p>
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Meet the new Chairman of Indian Bank's Association (IBA) - Rajkiran Raj G

October 16, 2020 Share Like Labels: gr8

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<div style="text-align: justify;">The representative body of management of banking in India, <strong>Indian Bank's Association (IBA)</strong> today announced that it elected <strong><em>Rajkiran Rai G,</em></strong> Managing Director and Chief Executive Officer (CEO), Union Bank of India, as the Chairman of the Association.<br /></div>
<p>Mr. Rai will be the Head of IBA for the term 2020-21. He has replaced Rajnish Kumar as the IBA Chairman after Kumar recently retired as SBI Chief.</p>
<p>Actually, Rajkiran Rai's term as the head of Union Bank of India supposed to be ended in June this year, but the government has extended his term by another two years until his retirement on May 31, 2022. Rai had taken over as the CEO of the Mumbai-based lender on July 1, 2017.</p>
<p>The other office-bearer of the Association elected, Dinesh Kumar Khara, Chairman, State Bank of India (SBI) as Deputy Chairman of the Association for the year 2020-2021.</p>
<p><strong>About IBA</strong><br />
The Indian Banks' Association  (IBA) is an association of banks and other entities in the banking ecosystem in India catering to its members. It was formed on 26 September 1946. The organization is managed by a managing committee, and the current managing committee consists of one chairman, 3 deputy chairmen, 1 honorary secretary and 26 members.</p>
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sponsored links The representative body of management of banking in India, Indian Bank's Association (IBA) today announced that it e...

Meet the winners of Nobel Prize in Economy 2020

October 12, 2020 Share Like Labels: gr8

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<div style="text-align: justify;">The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences has announced the winners of Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences for the year 2020 (also known as Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel) to <span style="color: red;"><strong><em>Paul R. Milgrom</em></strong></span> and <span style="color: red;"><em><strong>Robert B. Wilson</strong></em></span> “<span style="color: #2b00fe;"><em>for improvements to auction theory and inventions of new auction formats</em></span>.”<br /></div>
<p>This year’s Laureates, Paul Milgrom and Robert Wilson, have studied how auctions work. They have also used their insights to design <strong>new auction formats for goods and services</strong> that are difficult to sell in a traditional way, such as radio frequencies. Their discoveries have benefitted sellers, buyers and taxpayers around the world.</p>
<p>People have always sold things to the highest bidder, or bought them from whoever makes the cheapest offer. Nowadays, objects worth astronomical sums of money change hands every day in auctions, not only household objects, art and antiquities, but also securities, minerals and energy. Public procurements can also be conducted as auctions.</p>
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<p>Using auction theory, researchers try to understand the outcomes of different rules for bidding and final prices, the auction format. The analysis is difficult, because bidders behave strategically, based on the available information. They take into consideration both what they know themselves and what they believe other bidders to know.</p>
<p>“This year’s Laureates in Economic Sciences started out with fundamental theory and later used their results in practical applications, which have spread globally. Their discoveries are of great benefit to society,” says Peter Fredriksson, chair of the Prize Committee. </p>
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Proud Moment : 8 Indian Beaches get International Blue Flag Certification

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<div style="text-align: justify;">As a global recognition for <em>India's conservation and sustainable development efforts</em>, <u>Eight beaches in India have been awarded the prestigious Blue Flag certification</u>, the Union Minister of Environment, Forest and Climate Change <strong><em>Prakash Javadekar</em></strong> announced yesterday.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;"> </div>
The Blue Flag Certification has been awarded to 8 beaches spread across 5 states and 2 union territories namely :<br />
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><em>Shivrajpur Beach (Gujarat)</em></li>
<li><em>Ghoghla Beach (Diu)</em></li>
<li><em>Kasarkod Beach (Karnataka)<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgfRLbz0lHUvmZvXYmg0aEH3r-ZA7uwEJeXJ65AENyufsRSxWUNrfjUx1uO3I6AsxiSk-rHJT6Q3MinmgvpgI0Ey25RXv6tAEx4heHP-J4UHDiuwh32sArc4znxcM1SWf0P082qZGE3MqM/s635/8+beaches+gets+International+Blue+Flag+Certification.png" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="485" data-original-width="635" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgfRLbz0lHUvmZvXYmg0aEH3r-ZA7uwEJeXJ65AENyufsRSxWUNrfjUx1uO3I6AsxiSk-rHJT6Q3MinmgvpgI0Ey25RXv6tAEx4heHP-J4UHDiuwh32sArc4znxcM1SWf0P082qZGE3MqM/s320/8+beaches+gets+International+Blue+Flag+Certification.png" width="320" /></a><br /></em></li>
<li><em>Padubidri Beach (Karnataka)</em></li>
<li><em>Kappad Beach (Kerala)</em></li>
<li><em>Rushikonda Beach (Andhra Pradesh)</em></li>
<li><em>Golden Beach (Odisha) and</em></li>
<li><em>Radhanagar Beach (Andaman & Nicobar Islands)</em></li>
</ul>
<p style="text-align: left;">These beaches were recognized by an international jury comprising of eminent members of the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), the United Nations World Tourism Organisation (UNWTO), Denmark-based NGO Foundation for Environmental Education (FEE) and the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN).<br /></p>
<h2 style="text-align: left;">What is Blue Flag Certification ?</h2>
<p style="text-align: left;">The iconic Blue Flag is one of the world’s most recognized voluntary eco-labels awarded to beaches, marinas, and sustainable boating tourism operators. The Blue Flag certification is a globally recognised eco-label accorded by "Foundation for Environment Education, Denmark" based on 33 stringent criteria under four major heads -- environmental education and information, bathing water quality, environment management and conservation, and safety and services at the beaches.</p>
<p>India till now had none of its beaches tagged as “Blue Flag”.  With this, India became the first country in “Asia-Pacific” region which has achieved this feat in just about 2 years’ time.  Japan, South Korea and the UAE are the only other Asian nations who have been conferred with a couple of Blue Flag beaches, however, in a time frame of about five to six years. Spain, so far, has the highest number of Blue Flag certified sites.</p>
<p><strong>Important Note</strong> :  India has also been awarded the <strong><em>3rd prize</em></strong> by the jury under the "<em>International Best Practices" for pollution control in coastal regions</em>.</p>
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Meet the winner of Nobel Prize in Literature 2020

October 8, 2020 Share Like Labels: gr8

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<div style="text-align: justify;">American poet <strong><em>Louise Glück</em></strong> has been awarded this year's <strong>Nobel Prize in Literature 2020</strong> “f<em>or her unmistakable poetic voice that with austere beauty makes individual existence universal</em>.”</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">She was born 1943 in New York and lives in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Apart from her writing she is working as a professor of English at <em>Yale University, New Haven</em>, Connecticut. </div>
<div style="text-align: justify;"> <br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">She made her debut in 1968 with ‘<strong>Firstborn</strong>’, and was soon acclaimed as one of the most prominent poets in American contemporary literature. She has received several prestigious awards, among them the <strong>Pulitzer Prize</strong> (1993) and the <strong>National Book Award</strong> (2014).
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: right;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh-uYw6X8bqPcwkjPB3U3cbZapxFLz0LFkRtyyWdZCr0G-e5TCBnieR211-BWAXhy-AE6Za527cx_Z0Srm2mIvgoGX7rYuyv70yGfbhOxMaLn_yeHN5cVd5yjZYW2GmncZCQmXBi8CloUE/s960/Nobel+Prize+in+Literature+2020+Winners.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="960" data-original-width="960" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh-uYw6X8bqPcwkjPB3U3cbZapxFLz0LFkRtyyWdZCr0G-e5TCBnieR211-BWAXhy-AE6Za527cx_Z0Srm2mIvgoGX7rYuyv70yGfbhOxMaLn_yeHN5cVd5yjZYW2GmncZCQmXBi8CloUE/s320/Nobel+Prize+in+Literature+2020+Winners.jpg" /></a></div>
<br />
Louise Glück has published <strong>twelve collections of poetry</strong> and some volumes of essays on poetry. All are characterized by a striving for clarity. Childhood and family life, the close relationship with parents and siblings, is a thematic that has remained central with her. In her poems, the self listens for what is left of its dreams and delusions, and nobody can be harder than she in confronting the illusions of the self. But even if Glück would never deny the significance of the autobiographical background, she is not to be regarded as a confessional poet. Glück seeks the universal, and in this she takes inspiration from myths and classical motifs, present in most of her works. The voices of Dido, Persephone and Eurydice – the abandoned, the punished, the betrayed – are masks for a self in transformation, as personal as it is universally valid.
<p>With collections like ‘<strong>The Triumph of Achilles’ (1985)</strong> and ‘<strong>Ararat’ (1990)</strong> Glück found a growing audience in USA and abroad. In ‘Ararat’ three characteristics unite to subsequently recur in her writing: the topic of family life; austere intelligence; and a refined sense of composition that marks the book as a whole. Glück has also pointed out that in these poems she realized how to employ ordinary diction in her poetry. The deceptively natural tone is striking. We encounter almost brutally straightforward images of painful family relations. It is candid and uncompromising, with no trace of poetic ornament.</p>
<p>Louise Glück is not only engaged by the errancies and shifting conditions of life, she is also a poet of radical change and rebirth, where the leap forward is made from a deep sense of loss. In one of her most lauded collections, ‘The Wild Iris’ (1992), for which she was awarded the Pulitzer Prize, she describes the miraculous return of life after winter in the poem ‘Snowdrops’:<br /></p>
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sponsored links American poet Louise Glück has been awarded this year's Nobel Prize in Literature 2020 “f or her unmistakable poeti...

Meet the winners of Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2020

October 7, 2020 Share Like Labels: gr8

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<p style="text-align: left;">The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences has decided to award the <strong>2020 Nobel Prize in Chemistry</strong> to <span style="color: red;"><strong><em>Emmanuelle Charpentier</em></strong></span> and <span style="color: red;"><strong><em>Jennifer A. Doudna</em></strong><span style="color: black;">. They are getting this award</span></span> “<span style="color: #2b00fe;"><em>for the development of a method for genome editing</em></span>.”</p>
<p style="text-align: left;"><em>Emmanuelle Charpentier</em> and <em>Jennifer A. Doudna</em> have discovered one of gene technology’s sharpest  tools: the <em><strong>CRISPR/Cas9 genetic scissors</strong></em>. Using these, researchers can change the DNA of animals, plants and microorganisms with extremely high precision. This technology has had a revolutionary impact on the life sciences, is contributing to new cancer therapies and may make the dream of curing inherited diseases come true.</p>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjHlo8kwGvy-_HWcV4-rkxb6Z9XgqJa1-qP5zdIUiGtbilFL2jcWHAlblMdy9K_mOWnN9a_eguCgjpCWyo747lFsq48mn4uZBRt8WHi91u6Rnp-XeRt3jlEFUEWuUxMT6n3mjF7AtM7DDU/s1630/Nobel+Prize+in+Chemistry+2020+Winners.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1630" data-original-width="1630" height="246" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjHlo8kwGvy-_HWcV4-rkxb6Z9XgqJa1-qP5zdIUiGtbilFL2jcWHAlblMdy9K_mOWnN9a_eguCgjpCWyo747lFsq48mn4uZBRt8WHi91u6Rnp-XeRt3jlEFUEWuUxMT6n3mjF7AtM7DDU/w246-h246/Nobel+Prize+in+Chemistry+2020+Winners.jpg" width="246" /></a></div>
<p style="text-align: left;">Researchers need to modify genes in cells if they are to find out about life’s inner workings. This used to be time-consuming, difficult and sometimes impossible work. Using the CRISPR/Cas9 genetic scissors, it is now possible to change the code of life over the course of a few weeks.</p>
<p style="text-align: left;">Since Charpentier and Doudna discovered the CRISPR/Cas9 genetic scissors in 2012 their use has exploded. This tool has contributed to many important discoveries in basic research, and plant researchers have been able to develop crops that withstand mould, pests and drought. In medicine, clinical trials of new cancer therapies are underway, and the dream of being able to cure inherited diseases is about to come true. </p>
<p style="text-align: left;">These genetic scissors have taken the life sciences into a new epoch and, in many ways, are bringing the greatest benefit to humankind. </p>
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sponsored links The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences has decided to award the 2020 Nobel Prize in Chemistry to Emmanuelle Charpentier...

Meet the winners of Nobel Prize in Physics 2020

October 6, 2020 Share Like Labels: gr8

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<div style="text-align: justify;">The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences has announced the <strong>winners of 2020 Nobel Prize in Physics</strong>. This year there are 3 awardees. One half of the Nobel Physics prize will be given to <span style="color: red;"><strong><em>Roger Penrose</em></strong></span> “<span style="color: purple;"><em>for the discovery that black hole formation is a robust prediction of the general theory of relativity</em></span>” and the other half jointly given to <span style="color: red;"><strong><em>Reinhard Genzel</em></strong></span> and <span style="color: red;"><strong><em>Andrea Ghez</em></strong></span> “<span style="color: purple;"><em>for the discovery of a supermassive compact object at the centre of our galaxy</em></span>.”</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">These three laureates share this year’s Nobel Prize in Physics for their discoveries about one of the most exotic phenomena in the universe, the <strong>black hole</strong>. Roger Penrose showed that the general theory of relativity leads to the formation of black holes. Reinhard Genzel and Andrea Ghez discovered that an invisible and extremely heavy object governs the orbits of stars at the centre of our galaxy. A supermassive black hole is the only currently known explanation.</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgP6GJR5ubIfpkHf3LJq40DUGdOq_2ryHUPRFnpCdrtWgWeTn6GU3pn_vR5kydoghujZCCrwno988u7YMeKsNbLzwlaDZYIOrn6y68YWrQ6dGawQovBiSvNjUHNQjOf32kESWTvmivr6yw/s1600/Nobel+Prize+in+Physics+winners+2020.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1600" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgP6GJR5ubIfpkHf3LJq40DUGdOq_2ryHUPRFnpCdrtWgWeTn6GU3pn_vR5kydoghujZCCrwno988u7YMeKsNbLzwlaDZYIOrn6y68YWrQ6dGawQovBiSvNjUHNQjOf32kESWTvmivr6yw/s320/Nobel+Prize+in+Physics+winners+2020.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">“<em>The discoveries of this year’s laureates have broken new ground in the study of compact and supermassive objects. But these exotic objects still pose many questions that beg for answers and motivate future research. Not only questions about their inner structure, but also questions about how to test our theory of gravity under the extreme conditions in the immediate vicinity of a black hole</em>,” said David Haviland, chair of the Nobel Committee for Physics.</div>
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Meet the winners of Nobel Prize in Medicine 2020

October 5, 2020 Share Like Labels: gr8

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<div style="text-align: justify;">The head of the Noble Committee, Thomas Perlmann has announced the winners of Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for the year 2020. Three scientists (2 Americans and 1 British) share this year's prize for their discovery of the Hepatitis C virus. The winners <em><strong>Harvey J Alter</strong></em>, <strong><em>Charles M Rice</em></strong> and <em><strong>Michael Houghton</strong></em> share the prize equally.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">This years Nobel Prize 2020 comes with a Gold medal and prize money of 10 million Swedish kronor (over $1,118,000).
<p><u><strong>About Winners</strong></u><br /></p>
<ul>
<li><em><strong>Harvey J. Alter</strong></em></li>
<li style="list-style: none; display: inline">
<ul>
<li>He is an American Medical Researcher and Virologist.</li>
<li>He is the chief of the infectious disease section and the associate director for research of the Department of Transfusion Medicine at the Warren Grant Magnuson Clinical Center in the National Institutes of Health (NIH) in Bethesda, Maryland.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><em><strong>Charles M. Rice</strong></em></li>
<li style="list-style: none; display: inline">
<ul>
<li>He is an American Medical Researcher and Virologist</li>
<li>He is working as a professor of virology at the Rockefeller University in New York City.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><em><strong>Michael Houghton</strong></em></li>
<li style="list-style: none; display: inline">
<ul>
<li>He is Canadian scientist and Virologist</li>
<li>He is working as a professor of virology at University of Alberta Chiron Corporation.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">“<em>Prior to their work, the discovery of Hepatitis A and B viruses had been critical steps forward, but the majority of blood-borne hepatitis cases remained unexplained. The discovery of the Hepatitis C virus revealed the cause of the remaining cases of chronic hepatitis and made possible blood tests and new medicines that have saved millions of lives</em>,” the Nobel Assembly at Sweden’s Karolinska Institute said in a statement.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhXFjsIR197Kg9r0H8ABXWJnIhTJH7rpEDcKQ3ADRk1R0Rpg-auaXu7-YTExh0Ri3cQuJUf49ImZgp3YYtWqd0LUgAiusPZmXj8-Lcr17bCgiZButq3hkob8sab8M22DR-W3bSMGYtRTiw/s1600/Nobel+Prize+in+Medicine+2020+Winners.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="676" data-original-width="1200" height="180" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhXFjsIR197Kg9r0H8ABXWJnIhTJH7rpEDcKQ3ADRk1R0Rpg-auaXu7-YTExh0Ri3cQuJUf49ImZgp3YYtWqd0LUgAiusPZmXj8-Lcr17bCgiZButq3hkob8sab8M22DR-W3bSMGYtRTiw/s320/Nobel+Prize+in+Medicine+2020+Winners.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">According to the World Health Organisation, over 70 million cases and 4,00,000 deaths due to hepatitis are recorded worldwide each year. The disease is chronic and a major cause of liver inflammation and cancer.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">The Nobel Prize in Medicine 2020 is the first of 6 prizes being announced through October 12. The other prizes are for outstanding work in the fields of Physics, Chemistry, Literature, Peace and Economics respectively. </div>
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sponsored links The head of the Noble Committee, Thomas Perlmann has announced the winners of Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for ...

Govt offers Plastic Aaadhaar Card with Security Features

October 3, 2020 Share Like Labels: gr8

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<div style="text-align: justify;">The <strong>Unique Identification Authority of India (UIDAI)</strong>, statutory authority of the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology, has recently announced that it is now offering <strong>PVC Plastic Aaadhaar cards</strong> in the form of visiting cards with a number of new security features like <em>Digital Signed QR Code</em> and <em>Hologram</em>. The cardholders can apply for this new PVC Aadhar cards online following a few simple steps and paying an amount of Rupees 50/-. The card will be sent to the owner via speed post. Here are the simple steps to get your PVC Aadhar card.</div>
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<h2>How to Get new PVC Plastic Adhar card ?</h2>
</div>
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li>Visit the official website of UIDAI - <a href="https://residentpvc.uidai.gov.in/order-pvcreprint" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">https://residentpvc.uidai.gov.in/order-pvcreprint</a></li>
<li>Enter Your Aadhaar number.
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</li>
<li>Enter Security Code shown in the website.</li>
<li>Click on Send OTP button.</li>
<li>Then you will receive an OTP from UIDAI to your mobile.</li>
<li>Enter the OTP received on mobile phone in the given box.</li>
<li>A new page will be open containing your basic details. You need to check the details are correct or not.</li>
<li>Pay the fee of Rs. 50/- online.</li>
<li>A reference number will be given to you to check your application status.</li>
<li>They will send the card via post. </li>
</ul>
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Nobel Prize Money increased : Winners to get $1.1 Million Raise

September 25, 2020 Share Like Labels: gr8

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<div style="text-align: justify;">The head of the Nobel Foundation, <em>Lars Heikensten</em> today announced that the organization has decided <u>to increase the Nobel Prize money to an extra 1 million crowns ($110,000)</u> from this year. So the <strong>winners of this year Nobel Prizes 2020</strong> will get <strong>10 million crowns (around 8 crores)</strong> as prize money.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;"> </div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">Earlier the prize money used to be 10 million Swedish kronor  (US$1.4 million). Later in June 2012, it was reduced to 8 million SEK, when the foundation launched a programme to improve its finances. </div>
<div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
Dynamite inventor Alfred Nobel left around 31 million crowns - about 1.8 billion crowns in today's money according to the Foundation - to fund the prizes, which have been awarded since 1901. The prize amount has varied over time, starting at 150,000 crowns and reaching 1 million crowns in 1981. The value rose sharply in the 1980s and 1990s, jumping to 9 million crowns in 2000 and 10 million in the year 2001.<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgPGfcfxxgl1a8yqg9nUo9cU3vTJBtahZWsgW5rI5bmXA8Oq0-3vHjlIk_YNqP8Kbt0Sqxv2Qr8l5SMisuv7VKbCY6kZfuwt_dMDWB3CZ4IjJHT-hUZF7CxPoPJgRsp75Lv7Aahhg0zRh8/s1280/Nobel+winners+to+get+%2524110%252C000+more+as+prize+money+increased.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="720" data-original-width="1280" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgPGfcfxxgl1a8yqg9nUo9cU3vTJBtahZWsgW5rI5bmXA8Oq0-3vHjlIk_YNqP8Kbt0Sqxv2Qr8l5SMisuv7VKbCY6kZfuwt_dMDWB3CZ4IjJHT-hUZF7CxPoPJgRsp75Lv7Aahhg0zRh8/s320/Nobel+winners+to+get+%2524110%252C000+more+as+prize+money+increased.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
"<em>The work done in recent years to strengthen the Nobel Foundation's financial standing has made it possible to increase the prize sum</em>," the Nobel foundation announced in a statement after the increment.
<p>This year's Nobel prizes 2020 in the fields of medicine, physics, chemistry, literature, peace and economics will be announced from 5th October 2020 to 9th October 2020. </p>
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Impact of GST on Indian Economy : Advantages and Core Issues

September 24, 2020 Share Like Labels: gr8

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<h2 style="text-align: justify;">Goods and Services Tax (GST)</h2>
<div style="text-align: justify;">The <strong><a href="https://www.gr8ambitionz.com/2017/06/what-is-goods-and-services-tax-gst.html" target="_blank">Goods and Services Tax (GST)</a></strong> in India is a comprehensive, multi-stage, destination based tax that is levied on every value addition. It is an indirect tax levied when a consumer buys a good or service. GST has replaced many indirect taxes that previously existed in India. The 122nd Amendment Bill of the Constitution of India introduced a National Goods and Services Tax in India from 1st July, 2017.  
<p>GST is a comprehensive indirect tax that is designed to bring the indirect taxation under one umbrella. More importantly it has eliminated the cascading effect of taxes that was evident earlier. After 17 years of continuous efforts the present GST law has come into effect. The journey of the GST law in India was not simple, unlike other laws. From its proposal in 2000 to its implementation in 2017, it has gone through many changes. The Goods and Services Tax is being rated as the most reformative measure proposed in the field of Indirect Taxation in the history of India It has been termed a potential game changer, the single biggest tax reform undertaken by India in 70 years of Independence.</p>
<p><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg8hNwSV8XklSeiUEm337-4bzYhzigzGKbwQcI9ygla1-SLCfW1Xw6jTlqqa8wkWSLvhUnhe1R7oyWasA1X4KXeXu0c58vlcl5lCkHJJjlkiRMJNJB2-TOLKMO6F3AGO-iafKF-VILbw6E/s1600/Impact+of+Goods+and+Services+Tax+%2528GST%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="440" data-original-width="660" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg8hNwSV8XklSeiUEm337-4bzYhzigzGKbwQcI9ygla1-SLCfW1Xw6jTlqqa8wkWSLvhUnhe1R7oyWasA1X4KXeXu0c58vlcl5lCkHJJjlkiRMJNJB2-TOLKMO6F3AGO-iafKF-VILbw6E/s320/Impact+of+Goods+and+Services+Tax+%2528GST%2529.jpg" width="320" /></a>The rollout of the GST on 1st July, 2017 in a single stroke converted India into a unified, continent-sized market of 1.3 billion people. It will bring uniformity of tax rates and structures across the country. It will increase certainty in ease of doing business i.e. make it tax-neutral, irrespective of the place of doing business in the country. In order to understand the features and objectives of the GST Act, first we need to take a quick look at the previous taxation system. Previously taxes were charged at every stage i.e. excise on manufacture, VAT/CST/ Service Tax on sales/services, entry tax or octroi on entry of goods in local area etc. This cascading effect of tax i.e. tax on tax, results in increasing the prices of goods and services. These taxes were imposed by the Centre and the states differently according to the lists in the Constitution of India. Now the new concept of GST is that it would be a single tax system which would be levied on 'supply' of goods and services. It will be jointly imposed by the Centre and States with the recommendation of a federal institution called the GST Council.<br /></p>
<p>There are three different types of levies in GST :<br /></p>
<ol>
<li>CGST, </li>
<li>IGST and </li>
<li>SGST/UTGST. </li>
</ol>
CGST to the Central Tax that is levied by the Government of India on any transaction taking place within a state. CGST replaces all the existing central taxes including Service Tax, Central Excise Duty, CST, Customs Duty, SAD etc. The rate of CGST is usually equal to the SGST rate. Both taxes are charged on the base price of the product.<br />
IGST (Integrated Goods and Service Tax) is applicable on interstate (between two states) transactions of goods and services as well as on imports. This tax will be collected by the Central Government and will then be distributed among the respective States. IGST is charged when a product or service is moved from one state to another.
<p>SGST (State Goods and Service Tax) and UTGST (Union Territory Goods and Services Tax) are applicable on the goods and services supply that takes place in the respective States and Union Territories. It replaces all the existing state taxes including VAT, Central Sales Tax, Purchase Tax, Luxury Tax, Entry Tax, Entertainment Tax, Taxes on advertisements, lotteries, betting, gambling and state cess and surcharge.</p>
<p>The current form of GST has five slabs of tax for goods and services - 0%, 5%, 12%, 18% and 28% on different items. It excludes five petroleum products i.e. crude oil, petrol, diesel, jet fuel and natural gas, as well as liquor and electricity from the purview of GST. In addition, some basic items such as unbranded products, vegetables, milk, fruits, bread, salt, bindi, curd, sindoor, natural honey, bangles, handloom, besan, flour, eggs, newspapers, books etc. are exempt from tax.</p>
<p>As India has different GST rates when compared to a single GST rate in most prosperous nations across the globe, the national economy would undergo a major shift from the time of multiple taxes. From a common man to the richest, the GST will have a significant effect on their lives. While some goods and services would become cheaper, others may just take out more money from the pocket of consumers.</p>
<p>The GST Council and the Ministry of Finance have come up with a solution to record all invoices in one place and collate data for the taxpayer. The processes have been simplified and many taxes have been removed. The whole nation shall report using the same structure irrespective of where and how people or organisations carry on their business. A networked IT system has been deployed by the Ministry to cope with such a huge influx of data. It is called GST Network (GSTN), which is a non-government organisation which manages the entire IT system of the GST portal. It will house all the information of sellers and buyers together, collate the details submitted and maintain registers for future reference and reconciliation at any time.</p>
<p>For properly accounting for the invoices generated by them, Indian taxpayers and businesses have to file certain returns with the government. These returns have to be mandatorily filed, as any non-compliance towards the same may lead to disallowance of input tax credit, apart from attracting penalties and interest etc. Proper filing of information and including the same in the returns is a mandatory process for smooth flow of credit to the last recipient. The returns have been designed so that all transactions are in synchronisation and that no transaction is left unattended between the buyer and the seller. All the data is stored in GSTN, which can be accessed by users/taxpayers anytime online.</p>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">The Goods and Services Tax is currently under tremendous pressure to find solutions of some core issues, such as GST filing and forms related issues, which are being commonly faced by all taxpayers.
<p>The GST Council, in its 33rd meeting held in February 2019, addressed the reports of slowdown in the real estate sector and low offtake of under construction houses. Real estate sector, being one of the largest contributors to the national GDP and with the Government's vision on "Housing for All by 2022", GST Rate for affordable housing was slashed to 1% without the benefit of the Input tax credit (ITC) as against the earlier rate of 8%. However, the GST rate for non-affordable housing was reduced to 5% without ITC from the existing rate of 12%.</p>
<p>The impact of GST on the Indian economy has been very positive so far. Inflation drastically reduced as the GST regime brought about a uniform tax structure in the country. The revenue from the taxes for the government also increased with an extended tax net and the fiscal deficit also remained under check. Moreover, exports have grown substantially, while Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) has also increased. India has also improved its rank by 23 positions in 'Ease of Doing Business' in the latest Report of the World Bank. All these achievements were the outcomes of implementating GST in India as a comprehensive indirect tax. The entire process of GST from registration to filing returns is made online and it is also simple. This has been beneficial for startups, as they do not have to run from one place to another for approvals.</p>
<p>Goods and Services Tax has all the ingredients of a modern, seamless taxation system. But its success will depend on taking onboard all the stakeholders and also eliminate all the irritants which go against the principles of GST. Goods and Services Tax will also contribute towards a robust macro-economic environment, thereby increasing investor sentiments. Finally, the consumers will be the ultimate beneficiaries, as it will eliminate the cascading effect of taxes.</p>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;"></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
<div style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Difficult Words with Meanings</strong> :</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<ul>
<li><strong>Levied</strong> - charged, </li>
<li><strong>Value addition</strong> - value that is added to a product at any one stage</li>
<li><strong>Under one umbrella</strong> - together into one consolidated rate</li>
<li><strong>Cascading effect</strong> - 'tax on tax' effect i.e. tax on one stage is taxed in the next stage</li>
<li><strong>Journey</strong> - history</li>
<li><strong>Reformative</strong> - introducing reform</li>
<li><strong>Reform</strong> - make changes in (something, especially an institution or practice) in order to improve it</li>
<li><strong>Indirect taxation</strong> - levying of tax on goods and services</li>
<li><strong>Game changer</strong> - idea or procedure significantly changing the current way of doing something</li>
<li><strong>Rollout</strong> - making available for the first time</li>
<li><strong>Tax-neutral</strong> - same rate of tax everywhere</li>
<li><strong>VAT</strong> - Value Added Tax</li>
<li><strong>CST</strong> - Central Sales Tax</li>
<li><strong>Base price</strong> - most fundamental cost of a good or service to a consumer not including taxes</li>
<li><strong>Collate</strong> - collect together in order</li>
<li><strong>Reconciliation</strong> - matching invoices raised with returns filed</li>
<li><strong>Returns</strong> - documents containing details of income required to be filed with the tax administrative authorities</li>
<li><strong>Addressed</strong> - took care of</li>
<li><strong>Slowdown</strong> - reduction in business</li>
<li><strong>Extended tax net</strong> - larger coverage of taxpayers</li>
<li><strong>Fiscal deficit</strong> - the amount by which a government's total expenditures exceed the revenue that it generates, excluding money from borrowings</li>
<li><strong>Seamless</strong> - without any problems</li>
<li><strong>Taking onboard</strong> - bringing together</li>
<li><strong>Sentiments</strong> - feelings </li>
</ul>
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<div style="text-align: right;"><em><strong>shared by <span style="color: red;">Nisheeta Mirchandani</span></strong></em></div>
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Cultural Institutions of India for Competitive Exams

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<div style="text-align: justify;">India has several important cultural institutions. These are very important for upcoming competitive exams, especially for UPSC Civils, SSC and Banking Exams. Some of these are briefly described below. Happy Reading :)</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;"></div>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">LalitKala Akademi (National Academy of Fine Arts) </h3>
<div style="text-align: justify;"></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">It was established in 1954 in New Delhi to promote rid propagate understanding of Indian Art (i.e., paintings, sculptures, architecture and applied arts) ch within and outside the country.</div>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">Sangeet Natak Akademi (National Academy of Music, Dance and Drama)</h3>
<div style="text-align: justify;"></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">It was established in 1953 at New Delhi to promote performing Indian arts (i.e., dance, drama and music) in collaboration with states and voluntary organizations.</div>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">National School of Drama</h3>
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<h3 style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjADPYVunbQ5gjmueGcSSviX8GgHOYlvHC9BLU5SUCNxOInPGCzAJ5kM-qLwMyFhskEPLNYvutOTY2nQ_nkxXQb4VjpC6JIt1mpS_wtCpi2WJRkknSo-0pblH2Sg_z1b5oji9srI-XnKlE/s1600/Cultural+Institutions+of+India.webp" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="480" data-original-width="640" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjADPYVunbQ5gjmueGcSSviX8GgHOYlvHC9BLU5SUCNxOInPGCzAJ5kM-qLwMyFhskEPLNYvutOTY2nQ_nkxXQb4VjpC6JIt1mpS_wtCpi2WJRkknSo-0pblH2Sg_z1b5oji9srI-XnKlE/s320/Cultural+Institutions+of+India.webp" width="320" /></a></h3>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">National School of Drama was established in 1959 at New Delhi as a premier theatre institution. In 1975, was registered as an autonomous institution, fully Danced by the Union Government.</div>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">Sahitya Akademi</h3>
<div style="text-align: justify;"></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">It was established in 1954 at New Delhi with the objectives of developing Indian Literature: setting high literary standards; fostering and coordinating literary activities in all Indian languages; and promoting through them, the cultural unity of the country.</div>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">Archaeological Survey of India</h3>
<div style="text-align: justify;">It was established in 1861 at New Delhi with the objective of : </div>
<ol style="text-align: justify;">
<li>Conserving and preserving archaeological monuments and sites located in different parts of the country and maintaining site museums; and </li>
<li>Undertaking explorations and excavations, epigraphic research, study ofarchitecture and scientific studies and investigations.</li>
</ol>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">National Archives of India</h3>
<div style="text-align: justify;">It was established in 1891 at New Delhi and was known as the Imperial Record Department till Independence. It is the official custodian of all non-current records of permanent value of the Government of India and its predecessor bodies.</div>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">Asiatic Society</h3>
<div style="text-align: justify;">It was established in 1784 at Calcutta by Sir William Jones, an eminent Indologist, with the objective of inquiring into the history, antiquities, arts, science and literature of Asia.</div>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">Zonal Cultural Centres</h3>
<div style="text-align: justify;">They were set up between 1985-90 for protecting, preserving and sustaining cultural kinship that transcends territorial limits. There are seven such centres :</div>
<ol style="text-align: justify;">
<li>North Zone Cultural Centre in Patiala </li>
<li>East Zone Cultural Centre in Kolkata </li>
<li>South Zone Cultural Centre at Thanjavur </li>
<li>West Zone Cultural Centre at Udaipur </li>
<li>North Central Zone Cultural Centre at Prayagraj</li>
<li>North East Zone Cultural Centre at Dimapur </li>
<li>South Central Zone Cultural Centre at Nagpur</li>
</ol>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">Indira Gandhi National Centre for Arts</h3>
<div style="text-align: justify;">It was established in 1985 at New Delhi as a resource centre and database in memory of Smt. Indira Gandhi, former Prime Minister of India. It is visualised as a centre, encompassing the study and experience of all the arts. It is the biggest and the largest cultural complex in the world. </div>
<div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">Gandhi Smriti and Darshan Samiti</h3>
<div style="text-align: justify;"> It was setup by the Department of Culture in 1984 in New Delhi, primarily to maintain the national memorial of Gandhiji. The institution has published several books over the years and also organises the annual Gandhi Memorial Lectures by eminent scholars, both in India and abroad. </div>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">Indian Museum</h3>
<div style="text-align: justify;">Founded in 1814 by the Asiatic Society in Kolkata, it is the earliest and largest multipurpose Museum in the entire Asia-Pacific region. It houses unique treasures of Indian and foreign art, representing centuries of cultural ethos and traditions.</div>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">Khuda Baksh Oriental Public Library</h3>
<div style="text-align: justify;">It is one of the national libraries of India. Khan Bahadur Khuda Bakhsh opened it for public in October 1891 in Patna. It has 4,000 manuscripts, of which, he inherited 1,400 from his father Maulvi Mohammed Bakhsh.</div>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">Library of Tibetan Works and Archives</h3>
<div style="text-align: justify;"></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">Tenzin Gyatso, the 14th Dalai Lama, founded the library on 11 June 1970 in Dharamshala. It is considered as one of the most important libraries and institutions of Tibetan works in the world. The library contains sources, which were relocated from Tibet during the 1959 escape, including important Tibetan Buddhist manuscripts and archives related to Tibet's history, politics, culture and even art.</div>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">National Gallery of Modern Art</h3>
<div style="text-align: justify;">It was inaugurated on 29 March 1954 at Jaipur House, near India Gate in New Delhi. The gallery is the only one of its kind, run and administered by the Government of India, and represents the changing landscapes of art from the mid 19th century. It comprises paintings, sculptures, and graphics mainly by Indian and to some extent, international modern artists.</div>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">National Library</h3>
<div style="text-align: justify;">The National Library is located in Kolkata and serves as a permanent repository of all readings and information material produced in India as well as printed material, written by Indians and material concerning India written by foreigners, wherever published and in whatever language.</div>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">National Museum</h3>
<div style="text-align: justify;"></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">It was established in 1949 in the Durbar Hall of Rashtrapati Bhawan in New Delhi. The current building was inaugurated in 1960. Its main activities are in the field of acquisition, exhibition, conservation, education and publication of art objects. There are 26 permanent galleries in the Museum, including galleries on Buddhist Art, Tantra Art, Decorative Arts, Evolution of Indian Scripts and coins, Tanjaore and Mysore School of Paintings and a Jewellery Gallery.</div>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">Nehru Memorial Museum and Library</h3>
<div style="text-align: justify;">Located in New Delhi, it aims to preserve and reconstruct the history of the Indian Independence Movement. Founded in 1964, after the death of India's first Prime Minister, Jawaharlal Nehru, it also aims to foster academic research on modem and contemporary history.</div>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">Salar Jung Museum</h3>
<div style="text-align: justify;">Located in Hyderabad, it derives its name from the Salar Jung (I to III), the erstwhile Prime Ministers of the Nizams of Hyderabad. It is a museum of national importance and houses rare and varied art collections from all over the world acquired by the Salar Jung.</div>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">Victoria Memorial Hall</h3>
<div style="text-align: justify;">It was built between 1906 and 1921 in Kolkata and is dedicated to the memory of Queen Victoria (1819-1901). It is now a museum and tourist destination.</div>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">Maulana Abul Kalam Azad Institute of Asian Studies</h3>
<div style="text-align: justify;"></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">Located in Kolkata, it is the centre for research and training of the life and works of Maulana Abul Kalam Azad, for the study of the social, cultural, political and economic movements in Asia from the mid 19th century.</div>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">National Museum Institute of History of Art, Conservation and Museology</h3>
<div style="text-align: justify;">Located in New Delhi, it is a Deemed University that has been functional since 1989. Its main thrust is acquisition of teaching aids and software, setting-up a slide studio, preparation of syllabus-oriented video films, awarding Fellowships and Scholarships and conducting seminars and symposia.</div>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">Theosophical Society</h3>
<div style="text-align: justify;">The Theosophical Society, founded in 1875 in Chennai, is a worldwide body, whose primary objective is Universal Brotherhood without distinction, based on the realisation that life, and all its diverse forms, human and non-human, is indivisibly one.</div>
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SSC Exam Calendar / Time Table 2020-2021 (SSC CGL, SSC CHSL Exam Dates) out

September 22, 2020 Share Like Labels: gr8

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<h1 style="text-align: left;">New Dates of SSC CGL 2020 and SSC CHSL 2020 Exams</h1>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">Friends, the <strong>Staff Selection Commission</strong> has released the new schedule for the exams it is going to conduct during the period 1st October 2020 to 31st August 2021. According to this annual calendar of examinations, the <strong>Combined Graduate Level Examination (SSC CGL 2020 Tier I)</strong> will be held during <strong>29th May 2021 to 7th June 2021</strong>. Starting date of the SSC CGL 2020 applications will be from 21st December 2020 to 25th January 2021. The <strong>Combined Higher Secondary (10+2) Level Examination (SSC CHSL 2020)</strong> will be held during 12th April 2021 to 27th December 2021. You can apply online during 6th November 2020 to 15th December 2020. Check complete details below.</div>
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<h2 style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Check <a href="https://ssc.nic.in/SSCFileServer/PortalManagement/UploadedFiles/calender2019_25012019.pdf" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">SSC CGL Exam Calendar 2020-2021 from HERE</a></strong></h2>
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sponsored links New Dates of SSC CGL 2020 and SSC CHSL 2020 Exams Friends, the Staff Selection Commission has released the new schedul...

IBPS PO X Prelims 2020 Call Letters released

Share Like Labels: gr8

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<div style="text-align: justify;">Friends, the Institute of Banking Personnel Selection (IBPS) has released the <u><em>Preliminary Exam Call letters for <strong>IBPS PO X online exam 2020</strong></em></u>. As you know, the organization has invited online applications for  the  next  Common  Recruitment  Process  for  selection  of personnel  for  <strong><em><u>Probationary Officer/  Management  Trainee  posts</u></em></strong>  for the year 2020 in various nationalized banks. Now it has came out with the online exam call letters for the same. The call letter download link will be available for download from today (22nd September 2020) to 11th October 2020  at the official website of the Institute of Banking Personnel Selection  (<a href="http://www.ibps.in/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><em>www.ibps.in</em></a>). All the best :)</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;"> <br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Download your <a href="https://www.ibps.in/crp-po-mt-x/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">IBPS PO X Prelims Call Letters & Information Handouts from HERE</a></strong></div>
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0t-par2EkmJxJaFKq06wq1Fu81eOAqWKkUGWXdEY3mBY3cS9VImoDNi1TTWPIhJ0AR6Cihm_wUQqOVmIOc0DbvCh9cEQorqU6rK-5FTJPOE574vs89DezvMTmz-GXlRG7rgeaZ3bA7yQ/s1600/IBPS+RRB+VI+Call+Letter+Download.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="IBPS PO VII Preliminary Exam Call Letter download" border="0" data-original-height="100" data-original-width="306" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0t-par2EkmJxJaFKq06wq1Fu81eOAqWKkUGWXdEY3mBY3cS9VImoDNi1TTWPIhJ0AR6Cihm_wUQqOVmIOc0DbvCh9cEQorqU6rK-5FTJPOE574vs89DezvMTmz-GXlRG7rgeaZ3bA7yQ/s1600/IBPS+RRB+VI+Call+Letter+Download.png" title="IBPS PO VII Prelims Call Letter Downlaod" /></a></div>
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Essay : Inclusion of Women in Armed Forces

September 21, 2020 Share Like Labels: gr8

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<div style="text-align: justify;">Following the appointment of Snit Nirmala Sitharaman as India's full time female Defence Minister on 3 September 2017, and flagging off of India's first all women Navy crew for circumnavigation around the world, the Indian Army announced that it is working on a proposal for inducting women into the military police. The proposal is very significant as, for the first time, women will be inducted in the military's non-officer cadre, albeit in a non-combat role. With an annual intake of 52 personnel, the plan is to induct a total of 800 women for this. Not only this, three women have been inducted into the IAF as fighter pilots and Shubhangi Swaroop has become the first woman to be inducted into the Indian Navy as a pilot. Such efforts on the part of India must inspire the world community about rethinking the role of women in armed forces.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">In the 21st century, gender equality is a prominent issue which is getting its due importance. The military has been primarily a masculine institution, where boys become men. The question arises as to why this is not applicable for women. Women's struggle to enter the military is not about seeking special privileges; rather it is about being able to compete on the basis of ability and not to be discriminated against on the basis of gender. It is not about proving that women can do anything that a man can do but about being judged as individuals by the same standards as men in any job for which they can qualify.<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjiarAqrp_LnQE0g0tAV4MZtZMyAgL1DMbM_1LJ5LK4RkS-tyCg5KOVhW_rMtLaFJq3LUU95cAh9cGat4JtyE6RjhLFCgn1FfCJOcIcB1Eslzy5D_UPOJi8p_ra1EFRp5PMve_WL0IGkZY/s1600/Inclusion+of+Women+in+Armed+Forces.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="628" data-original-width="1200" height="167" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjiarAqrp_LnQE0g0tAV4MZtZMyAgL1DMbM_1LJ5LK4RkS-tyCg5KOVhW_rMtLaFJq3LUU95cAh9cGat4JtyE6RjhLFCgn1FfCJOcIcB1Eslzy5D_UPOJi8p_ra1EFRp5PMve_WL0IGkZY/s320/Inclusion+of+Women+in+Armed+Forces.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">Women in the military have a history that extends over 4000 years into the past, across numerous cultures and nations. Throughout history, women have played many such roles from medieval warrior women such as Joan of Arc to the women soldiers of the USA currently serving in conflicts such as the war in Iraq. For the most part, however, the history of women in battle is a combination of myth and exaggeration, mixed with a few true accounts of unique women. Those women who did fight were often forced by circumstances into positions of military leadership or were included only when men were in short supply, as was the case in the Soviet Union during World War II. </div>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">In the present scenario, women are serving in the defence forces of many countries such as The USA, Israel, Canada, Britain, Bulgaria, Germany, India and many more. But women are generally not included in on-field combat roles. They either serve in technical and administrative posts (mostly in medical and educational areas) or sometimes on voluntary basis on the battlefield. Women remain a fringe presence rather than an integral part of the military's image.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">The most obvious argument is the fact that women might be weaker physically. Thus, they would not possess the physical attributes suitable to become combat soldiers. The Centre for Military Readiness, an American NGO, stated, "female soldiers are, on average, shorter and smaller than men, with 45-50% less upper body strength and 25-30% less aerobic capacity, which is essential for endurance". Contrary to what some seem to believe, technology has not overcome the importance of physical strength in the army. The line soldiers still engage the enemy eyeball-to-eyeball, belly-to-belly. In this setting, women are definitely at a disadvantage. Women were (and are) kept out of the armed forces because of the myth of biology, which gives the argument that women are supposed to be genetically programmed to nurture life and are physically and emotionally not strong enough for combat. Those who believe in this line of thought argue that this division of labour has been biologically determined. However, numerous historical studies have shown this to be untrue. The stereotype blames the woman for her problems, thus avoiding a critique of the system which creates many of the circumstances she finds herself in. </div>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">The disruption of the combat unit's spirit because of low acceptance is cited as another reason for women to be banned from front-line combat situations. The idea is that soldiers would not trust women to perform their duties in a critical situation. Also, in a male dominated society, taking orders from a woman officer may not be acceptable to male soldiers. In addition, a concern is that romantic relationships between men and women belonging to the same unit could disrupt a unit's fighting capacity. Another argument against the inclusion of women in combat units is that placing women in combat would create a risk of them being captured, tortured and possibly sexually assaulted. Also, the women find it difficult to maintain femininity while serving in the military. Marriage and the subsequent birth of their children are major turning points in the careers of service women. Other aspects of service life, that bother women are enforced separation from their families, traditional inflexibility of working hours, excessive regimentation of social life, particularly the evening functions at the messes, which are treated more as a parade with emphasis on dress, time, ban on children, scant regard to late nights etc. </div>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">Two points must be considered before answering the question of whether or not women should be permitted to enter the army. Firstly, the nature of the army as an institution and secondly, the nature of combat itself. If serving in the army was similar to civilian jobs, then yes, women should get equal opportunity in it, as on many occasions women have shown themselves to be at par with men in all areas from law to medicine and in service and business alike. Thus today, a woman who is willing to bear an equal burden to men can achieve whatever goals she desires. Critics of the combat exclusion rule point out that modem combat is technological and 'push-button' and that it does not require the brute strength of the combat soldier of old. There is a lot of truth in this point. However, the fact remains that physical strength and endurance are still the trademark of the effective combat soldier on the ground. Having said that, there is also a growing recognition of the operational effectiveness of women, particularly in peace operations. It is a fact that an increased percentage of female military personnel on UN operations are beneficial to operational effectiveness. A more balanced sex ratio among peacekeepers would reduce the sexual harassment of local women. It has been proven scientifically that women handle stress better and are also mentally tougher than men. India, which has one of the largest armies in the world, has until recently resisted the entry of women in its armed forces. It was in 1992 that India had begun recruiting women to the non-medical positions in the armed forces. More recently, the government took the first steps towards bringing women into fighting roles and also approved air force plans for female pilots to fly warplanes. </div>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">Men were the leaders and women acted as nurturers and followers. That was the way things were, but nothing remains the same forever. Thus, the proper role of women in the army, especially the combat arms, will, of course, continue to be a volatile issue, not only in the army but also in society at large. It is a universally accepted fact that militaries are not created to generate employment and hence have nothing to do with gender equality. The perception of women being the weaker sex, coupled with serious lack of infrastructure, are reasons enough for policy makers across the world to not permit the inclusion of women in combat roles. In such a scenario, the Indian army has set an example by paving the way for the inclusion of more women, but only in non-combat roles. </div>
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<div style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Difficult Words with Meanings</strong> :</div>
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<li><strong>Exaggeration</strong> - overstatement</li>
<li><strong>Fringe</strong> - edge, border</li>
<li><strong>Endurance</strong> - fortitude, patience</li>
<li><strong>Disruption</strong> - disturbance</li>
<li><strong>Volatile</strong> - tense, strained </li>
<li><strong>Harassment</strong> - intimidation, annoyance</li>
<li> <strong>Pave the way</strong> - create the circumstances to enable (something) to happen or be done. </li>
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<div style="text-align: right;"><em><strong>shared by <span style="color: red;">Nisheeta Mirchandani</span></strong></em></div>
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sponsored links Following the appointment of Snit Nirmala Sitharaman as India's full time female Defence Minister on 3 September 201...