Railway Board offers opulent and revered job posts to its aspirants. And it is not every year that we get the notification from Railway offering a good number of vacant seats to the multitude aspirants. But the current year 2018 brought a pleasant surprise with almost 1,20,000 seats to be filled by the valid candidates. Opportunity is here but you have to welcome it with a provident strategy.
रेलवे बोर्ड अपने उम्मीदवारों के लिए भव्य और प्रतिष्ठित कार्य पदों की पेशकश करता है. और हर साल ऐसा नहीं होता है कि हमें रेलवे की ओर से अधिसूचना मिलती है. लेकिन वर्तमान वर्ष 2018 आपके लिए बहुत सुखद वर्ष है क्योंकि इसमें लगभग 1,20,000 सीटों को वैध उम्मीदवारों द्वारा भरा जाएगा. आपके पास बहुत अच्छा अवसर है और आपको इसे एक बेहतर रणनीति से प्राप्त करना होगा.
Q1. A fan produces feeling of comfort during hot weather, because-
एक पंखा गर्म मौसम के दौरान आराम की भावना पैदा करता है, क्योंकि -
(a) Fan supplies cold air/फैन ठंडी हवा की आपूर्ति करता है
(b) Our perspiration evaporates rapidly/आपका पसीना तेजी से सुखा देता है
(c) Our body radiates more heat/हमारे शरीर से अधिक गर्मी प्रसारित करता है
(d) Conductivity of air increase/वायु के प्रवाह में वृद्धि होती है
Ans.(b)
Sol. In summer, a ceiling fan in the counterclockwise direction can help to cool your home by pushing cool air down. During the hot summer months, though this wind chill effect can work to your advantage by providing a breeze that can help evaporate the skin’s moisture quickly, creating a cool feeling.
Sol. In summer, a ceiling fan in the counterclockwise direction can help to cool your home by pushing cool air down. During the hot summer months, though this wind chill effect can work to your advantage by providing a breeze that can help evaporate the skin’s moisture quickly, creating a cool feeling.
Q2. In an earthen pitcher, the water remains cold due to the process of
मिटटी के घड़े में,किस प्रक्रिया की वजह से पानी ठंडा रहता है?
(a) Condensation /संक्षेपण
(b) Evaporation /वाष्पीकरण
(c) Sublimation /उर्ध्वपातन
(d) None of the above /उपरोक्त में से कोई भी नहीं
Show Answer
Ans.(b)
Sol. The water remains cold in an earthen pitcher because of a physical process is known as evaporation, when liquid changes to a gaseous (or vapour) state without boiling, it is known as evaporation. The earthen pitcher is made of mud and has many minute pores. It is through these pores that the water, placed inside the pitcher, oozes out. Now to evaporate, the water needs to absorb heat, which will change it to vapour. The only way the water oozing out of the pitchers can turn to vapour is by absorbing heat from the liquid within the pot. Due to this process of continuous absorption of heat from water inside the pot, in a few hours, this water becomes cool.
Sol. The water remains cold in an earthen pitcher because of a physical process is known as evaporation, when liquid changes to a gaseous (or vapour) state without boiling, it is known as evaporation. The earthen pitcher is made of mud and has many minute pores. It is through these pores that the water, placed inside the pitcher, oozes out. Now to evaporate, the water needs to absorb heat, which will change it to vapour. The only way the water oozing out of the pitchers can turn to vapour is by absorbing heat from the liquid within the pot. Due to this process of continuous absorption of heat from water inside the pot, in a few hours, this water becomes cool.
Q3. In the season of summer, we experience a humid heat when weather:
गर्मी के मौसम में,किस दौरान हम एक आर्द्र गर्मी का अनुभव करते हैं:
(a) Start of summer / गर्मी की शुरुआत
(b) Middle of summer / गर्मी के मध्य
(c) high evaporation / उच्च वाष्पीकरण
(d) extreme temperature / चरम तापमान
Show Answer
Ans.(d)
Sol. In the season of summer, when the weather is humid, we experience humid heat.
Sol. In the season of summer, when the weather is humid, we experience humid heat.
Q4. Xeric condition refers to-
ज़ैरिक स्थिति का संदर्भ है
(a) low temperature/कम तापमान
(b) low humidity/कम नमी
(c) high evaporation/उच्च वाष्पीकरण
(d) extreme temperature/अधिकतम तापमान
Show Answer
Ans.(b)
Sol. Xeric condition refers to low humidity. It is a challenging place with poor sandy soil, the extreme condition of rain and drought. Xeric environment is place where water is meager.
Sol. Xeric condition refers to low humidity. It is a challenging place with poor sandy soil, the extreme condition of rain and drought. Xeric environment is place where water is meager.
Q5. Assertion (A) : The boiling point of water decreases as the altitude increases.
अभिकथन (A) :ऊंचाई बढ़ने के साथ पानी का क्वथनांक कम हो जाता है
Reason (R) : The atmospheric pressure increases with altitude.
कारण (R) : ऊंचाई के साथ वायुमंडलीय दबाव बढ़ता है
Code:
(a) Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)./दोनों (A) और (R) सत्य हैं, और (R), (A) का सही स्पष्टीकरण है.
(b) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)./दोनों (A) और (R) सत्य हैं, लेकिन (R), (A) का सही स्पष्टीकरण नहीं है.
(c) (A) is true, but (R) is false./(A) सत्य हैं, लेकिन (R) असत्य है.
(d) (A) is false, but (R) is true./(A) असत्य है, लेकिन (R) सत्य हैं
Show Answer
Ans.(c)
Sol. The atmospheric pressure decreases as one climbs higher in the atmosphere and increases closer to the earth’s surface. The boiling point of water decreases as the altitude increases. Thus, (A) is true but (R) is false.
Sol. The atmospheric pressure decreases as one climbs higher in the atmosphere and increases closer to the earth’s surface. The boiling point of water decreases as the altitude increases. Thus, (A) is true but (R) is false.
Q6.Who discovered Television? / टेलीविजन की खोज किसने की?
(a) Edison/ एडिसन
(b) Galileo/ गैलीलियो
(c) Baird / बेयर्ड
(d) Franklin / फ्रैंकलिन
Show Answer
Ans.(c)
Sol. Television was invented by J.L. Baird in 1926 in Britain. Galileo invented the Telescope.
Sol. Television was invented by J.L. Baird in 1926 in Britain. Galileo invented the Telescope.
Q7. Sound waves- / ध्वनि तरंगे
(a) Can travel in vacuum / निर्वात में गमन कर सकते हैं
(b) Can travel only in solids / केवल ठोस में संचरित होते हैं
(c) Can travel only in gases. / केवल गैसों में संचरित होते हैं
(d) Can travel both in solid and gaseous medium. / ठोस और गैसीय दोनों माध्यम में संचरित होते हैं
(a) Can travel in vacuum / निर्वात में गमन कर सकते हैं
(b) Can travel only in solids / केवल ठोस में संचरित होते हैं
(c) Can travel only in gases. / केवल गैसों में संचरित होते हैं
(d) Can travel both in solid and gaseous medium. / ठोस और गैसीय दोनों माध्यम में संचरित होते हैं
Show Answer
Ans.(d)
Sol. Sound waves need to travel through a medium such as a solid, liquid or gas. The sound waves travel through each of these mediums by vibrating the molecules in the matter.
Sol. Sound waves need to travel through a medium such as a solid, liquid or gas. The sound waves travel through each of these mediums by vibrating the molecules in the matter.
Q8. Which of the following are semiconductors? निम्नलिखित में से कौन सा अर्धचालक हैं?
1. Silicon/ सिलिकॉन 2. Quartz / क्वार्ट्ज
3. Ceramics/ सिरेमिक्स 4. Germanium / जर्मेनियम
Choose the correct answer from the following alternatives:/ निम्नलिखित विकल्पों से सही उत्तर चुनें:
(a) 1 और 2
(b) 1 और 3
(c) 1 और 4
(d) 3 और 4
1. Silicon/ सिलिकॉन 2. Quartz / क्वार्ट्ज
3. Ceramics/ सिरेमिक्स 4. Germanium / जर्मेनियम
Choose the correct answer from the following alternatives:/ निम्नलिखित विकल्पों से सही उत्तर चुनें:
(a) 1 और 2
(b) 1 और 3
(c) 1 और 4
(d) 3 और 4
Show Answer
Ans.(c)
Sol. In solid state electronics, either pure silicon or germanium may be used as the intrinsic semiconductor which forms the starting point for fabrication. Each has four valence electrons but germanium at a given temperature has more free electrons and higher conductivity. Silicon is by far the more widely used semiconductor for electronics because it can be used at much higher temperatures than germanium.
Sol. In solid state electronics, either pure silicon or germanium may be used as the intrinsic semiconductor which forms the starting point for fabrication. Each has four valence electrons but germanium at a given temperature has more free electrons and higher conductivity. Silicon is by far the more widely used semiconductor for electronics because it can be used at much higher temperatures than germanium.
Q9. Cyclotrons are used to accelerate: / साइक्लोट्रॉन का उपयोग किसे त्वरित करने के लिए किया जाता है?
(a) Neutrons / न्यूट्रॉन
(b) Protons / प्रोटॉन
(c) Atoms / परमाणु
(d) Ions / आयन
(a) Neutrons / न्यूट्रॉन
(b) Protons / प्रोटॉन
(c) Atoms / परमाणु
(d) Ions / आयन
Show Answer
Ans.(b)
Sol. Cyclotron is a machine used to accelerate charged particle such as alpha particles, deuteron, proton etc. up to a very high speed.
Sol. Cyclotron is a machine used to accelerate charged particle such as alpha particles, deuteron, proton etc. up to a very high speed.
Q10. Which one of the following can be used to confirm whether drinking water contains a gamma emitting isotope or not?
निम्नलिखित में से किसका उपयोग यह पुष्टि करने के लिए किया जा सकता है कि क्या पीने के पानी में एक गामा उत्सर्जित करने वाला आइसोटोप है या नहीं?
(a) Microscope / माइक्रोस्कोप
(b) Lead plate / लेड प्लेट
(c) Scintillation counter/ स्किंटिलेशन काउंटर
(d) Spectrophotometer / स्पेक्ट्रोफोटोमीटर
Show Answer
Ans.(c)
Sol. Scintillation counter is an instrument for detecting ionizing radiation by using the excitation effect of incident radiation. Radiation on a scintillator material and detecting the resultant light pulses.
Sol. Scintillation counter is an instrument for detecting ionizing radiation by using the excitation effect of incident radiation. Radiation on a scintillator material and detecting the resultant light pulses.
Q11.The temperature of the filament of lighted electric bulb is generally:
रोशनी वाले बल्ब के फिलामेंट आम तौर तापमान कितना होता है
(a) 100°C to 500°C
(b) 1000°C to 1500°C
(c) 2000°C to 2500°C
(d) 4000°C to 5000°C
रोशनी वाले बल्ब के फिलामेंट आम तौर तापमान कितना होता है
(a) 100°C to 500°C
(b) 1000°C to 1500°C
(c) 2000°C to 2500°C
(d) 4000°C to 5000°C
Show Answer
Ans.(c)
Sol. Tungsten metal is used as filament in electric bulb. When electric current flows through it, its temperature goes up to 2500°C from 1500°C. Generally, electric bulbs convert only 5% to 10% of electric energy to light.
Sol. Tungsten metal is used as filament in electric bulb. When electric current flows through it, its temperature goes up to 2500°C from 1500°C. Generally, electric bulbs convert only 5% to 10% of electric energy to light.
Q12. The conductivity of a semi-conductor at zero degree Kelvin is-
शून्य डिग्री केल्विन में एक अर्धचालक की प्रवाहकत्त्व कितनी होगी-
(a) 105 ohm / ओम
(b) 10-1 ohm / ओम
(c) 10-5 ohm / ओम
(d) zero /शून्य
शून्य डिग्री केल्विन में एक अर्धचालक की प्रवाहकत्त्व कितनी होगी-
(a) 105 ohm / ओम
(b) 10-1 ohm / ओम
(c) 10-5 ohm / ओम
(d) zero /शून्य
Show Answer
Ans.(d)
Sol. The materials [Germanium, Silicon] whose electrical conductivity varies between conductors and dielectric are called semiconductors. At absolute zero temperature, a semiconductor behaves like a perfect dielectric.
Sol. The materials [Germanium, Silicon] whose electrical conductivity varies between conductors and dielectric are called semiconductors. At absolute zero temperature, a semiconductor behaves like a perfect dielectric.
Q13. The highest temperature attained by a super conductor is-
एक सुपर कंडक्टर द्वारा प्राप्त उच्चतम तापमान है -
(a) 24 K
(b) 138 K
(c) 150 K
(d) 300 K
Show Answer
Ans.(b)
Sol. Where as ordinary or metallic super conductors usually have transition temperature (temperature below which they are super conductive) below 30k and must be cooled using liquid helium in order to achieve super conductivity. High temperature super conductors have been observed with transition temperature as high as 138 K.
Sol. Where as ordinary or metallic super conductors usually have transition temperature (temperature below which they are super conductive) below 30k and must be cooled using liquid helium in order to achieve super conductivity. High temperature super conductors have been observed with transition temperature as high as 138 K.
Q14.The resistance of a semiconductor on heating
हीटिंग पर अर्धचालक का प्रतिरोध:
(a) Remains/समान रहता है
(b) Decreases/कम होता है
(c) Increases/बढ़ता है
(d) None of the above/उपरोक्त में से कोई नहीं
हीटिंग पर अर्धचालक का प्रतिरोध:
(a) Remains/समान रहता है
(b) Decreases/कम होता है
(c) Increases/बढ़ता है
(d) None of the above/उपरोक्त में से कोई नहीं
Show Answer
Ans.(b)
Sol. With the increase in temperature, the conductivity of the semi-conductor material increases and resistance decreases.
Sol. With the increase in temperature, the conductivity of the semi-conductor material increases and resistance decreases.
Q15. What is absolute zero temperature?
निरपेक्ष शून्य तापमान क्या है?
(a) The starting point of any temperature scale/किसी भी तापमान का प्रारंभिक बिंदु
(b) No more heat can be removed (कोई अन्य उष्मा हटायी नहीं जा सकती है
(c) The temperature at which the vapour of any liquid substance is condensed(तापमान जिस पर किसी भी तरल पदार्थ की वाष्प घनी होती है
(d) The temperature at which all material are in vapour form.(तापमान जिस पर सभी पदार्थ वाष्प रूप में होते हैं.
निरपेक्ष शून्य तापमान क्या है?
(a) The starting point of any temperature scale/किसी भी तापमान का प्रारंभिक बिंदु
(b) No more heat can be removed (कोई अन्य उष्मा हटायी नहीं जा सकती है
(c) The temperature at which the vapour of any liquid substance is condensed(तापमान जिस पर किसी भी तरल पदार्थ की वाष्प घनी होती है
(d) The temperature at which all material are in vapour form.(तापमान जिस पर सभी पदार्थ वाष्प रूप में होते हैं.
Show Answer
Ans.(b)
Sol. Absolute zero is the lowest possible temperature at which point the atoms of a substance transmit no thermal energy.
Sol. Absolute zero is the lowest possible temperature at which point the atoms of a substance transmit no thermal energy.
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