WAVE MOTION:
Dear Students,
Railway Board offers opulent and revered job posts to its aspirants. And it is not every year that we get the notification from Railway offering a good number of vacant seats to the multitude aspirants. But the current year 2018 brought a pleasant surprise with almost 90,000 seats to be filled by the valid candidates. Opportunity is here but you have to welcome it with a provident strategy. The exam will be conducted in the months of May 2018.
Q1. Long radio waves are reflected by which of the following layer of earth’s surface—
निम्न परतों में से लंबी रेडियो तरंगें पृथ्वी की किस सतह पर दिखाई देती हैं?
(a) Troposphere / ट्रोपोस्फीयर
(b) Ionosphere / आयनोस्फीयर
(c) Tropopause / ट्रोपोपोज
(d) Stratosphere / स्ट्रेटोस्फीयर
Q2. Wireless communication is reflected back to the earth’s surface by the—
वायरलेस संचार पृथ्वी की सतह पर वापस किसके द्वारा परिलक्षित होता है?
(a) Troposphere / ट्रोपोस्फीयर
(b) Stratosphere / स्ट्रेटोस्फीयर
(c) Ionosphere / आयनोस्फीयर
(d) Exosphere / एक्सोस्फीयर
Q3. With the rise of temperature, the speed of sound in a gas?
तापमान के बढ़ने के साथ, गैस में ध्वनि की गति में क्या परिवर्तन आता है ?
(a)increase / वृद्धि होती है
(b)decreases / घटता है
(c)remains the same / वही रहता है
(d)None of these / इनमें कोई नहीं
Q4. Which waves cannot be transmitted through vaccum ?
वैक्यूम के माध्यम से कौन सी तरंगों को प्रेषित नहीं किया जा सकता है?
(a) Light / प्रकाश
(b) Heat / ऊष्मा
(c) Sound / ध्वनि
(d) Electromagnetic / विद्युत चुम्बकीय
Q5. Cosmic rays —
ब्रह्मांडीय किरणें
(a) Are charged particles / आवेशित कण
(b) Are uncharged particles / अनावेशित कण
(c) Can be charged as well as uncharged/ आवेशित भी किया जा सकता है साथ ही अनावेशित भी किया जा सकता है.
(d) None of the above / उपर्युक्त में से कोई नहीं
Q6. Which one of the following statements is not true about cosmic rays ?
ब्रह्मांडीय किरणों के बारे में निम्नलिखित में से कौन सा कथन सत्य नहीं है?
(a) They are electromagnetic waves / वे विद्युत चुम्बकीय तरंगें हैं
(b) They have very short wavelength / उनके पास बहुत कम तरंगदैर्ध्य
(c) They are made of highly energetic charged particles. / वे अत्यधिक ऊर्जावान चार्ज कणों से बने होते हैं।
(d) They originate from the sum / वे योग से उत्पन्न होते है
Q7. What is the distance between two successive crests or successive troughs called ?
दो लगातार शीर्ष या लगातार गर्त के बीच की दूरी क्या है?
(a) Amplitude / आयाम
(b) Wavelength / तरंग दैर्ध्य
(c) Frequency / आवृत्ति
(d) None of these / इनमें से कोई नहीं
Q8. Which one of the following is used for determining the structure of crystal :
क्रिस्टल की संरचना का निर्धारण करने के लिए निम्नलिखित में से किसका उपयोग किया जाता है:
(a) Gamma rays / गामा किरणें
(b) X-rays / एक्स-रे
(c) UV rays / यूवी किरणें
(d) visible light / दृश्य प्रकाश
Q9. A radar which detects the presence of an enemy aircraft uses :
एक रडार जो दुश्मन के विमान की उपस्थिति का पता लगाता है:
(a) Light waves / लाइट तरंगें
(b) Radio waves / रेडियो तरंगें
(c) Sound waves / ध्वनि तरंगें
(d) Ultrasound waves / अल्ट्रासाउंड तरंगें
Q10.When there is depletion of ozone in the stratosphere, the wavelength of radiation striking the earth’s surface will be
जब समताप मंडल में ओजोन की कमी हो जाती है, तो पृथ्वी की सतह पर हमला करने वाले विकिरण की तरंगदैर्ध्य कितनी होती है?
(a) 10–10 m / 10–10 मीटर
(b) 10–7 m /10–7 मीटर
(c) 10–2 m / 10–2 मीटर
(d) 100 m /100 मीटर
Q11. Which one of the following types of waves are used in a Night Vision apparatus ?
नाइट विजन यंत्र में निम्न में से किन लहरों का उपयोग किया जाता है?
(a) Radio waves / रेडियो तरंगें
(b) Microwaves / माइक्रोवेव
(c) Infra-red waves / इन्फ्रा-लाल लहरें
(d) None of these / इनमें से कोई नहीं
Q12. Decibel is a –
डेसीबेल क्या है?
(a)musical note / संगीत नोट
(b)musical instrument / संगीत वाद्ययंत्र
(c)unit of intensity of sound / ध्वनि की तीव्रता की इकाई
(d)unit of elasticity / लोच की इकाई
Q14. Following rays are used in the diagnosis of intestinal diseases.
आंतों के रोगों के निदान में निम्नलिखित में से किन किरणों का उपयोग किया जाता है?
(a) X-rays / एक्स-रे
(b) α-rays / α-किरणें
(c) β-rays / β-rays
(d) γ-rays / γ-किरणें
Q15. CT scan is done by using–
निम्न लिखित में से किसका उपयोग करके सीटी स्कैन किया जाता है?
(a) Infra-red Rays / इन्फ्रा-लाल किरणें
(b) Ultrasonic waves / अल्ट्रासोनिक तरंगें
(c) Visible Light / दृश्यमान प्रकाश
(d) X-Rays / एक्स-रे
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Railway Board offers opulent and revered job posts to its aspirants. And it is not every year that we get the notification from Railway offering a good number of vacant seats to the multitude aspirants. But the current year 2018 brought a pleasant surprise with almost 90,000 seats to be filled by the valid candidates. Opportunity is here but you have to welcome it with a provident strategy. The exam will be conducted in the months of May 2018.
रेलवे बोर्ड अपने उम्मीदवारों के लिए भव्य और प्रतिष्ठित कार्य पदों की पेशकश करता है. और हर साल ऐसा नहीं होता है कि हमें रेलवे की ओर से अधिसूचना मिलती है. लेकिन वर्तमान वर्ष 2018 आपके लिए बहुत सुखद वर्ष है क्योंकि इसमें लगभग 90,000 सीटों को वैध उम्मीदवारों द्वारा भरा जाएगा. आपके पास बहुत अच्छा अवसर है और आपको इसे एक बेहतर रणनीति से प्राप्त करना होगा. परीक्षा मई 2018 के महीने में आयोजित की जायेगी.
Q1. Long radio waves are reflected by which of the following layer of earth’s surface—
निम्न परतों में से लंबी रेडियो तरंगें पृथ्वी की किस सतह पर दिखाई देती हैं?
(a) Troposphere / ट्रोपोस्फीयर
(b) Ionosphere / आयनोस्फीयर
(c) Tropopause / ट्रोपोपोज
(d) Stratosphere / स्ट्रेटोस्फीयर
Show Answer
Ans.(b)
Sol. The ionosphere is a region of earth’s upper atmosphere from about 65 km. to 400 km altitude. It is ionized by solar radiation. It has practical importance because among other functions, it influences radio propagation to distant places on earth.
Sol. The ionosphere is a region of earth’s upper atmosphere from about 65 km. to 400 km altitude. It is ionized by solar radiation. It has practical importance because among other functions, it influences radio propagation to distant places on earth.
Q2. Wireless communication is reflected back to the earth’s surface by the—
वायरलेस संचार पृथ्वी की सतह पर वापस किसके द्वारा परिलक्षित होता है?
(a) Troposphere / ट्रोपोस्फीयर
(b) Stratosphere / स्ट्रेटोस्फीयर
(c) Ionosphere / आयनोस्फीयर
(d) Exosphere / एक्सोस्फीयर
Show Answer
Ans.(c)
Sol. The ionosphere is a region of earth’s upper atmosphere from about 65 km. to 400 km altitude. It is ionized by solar radiation. It has practical importance because among other functions, it influences radio propagation to distant places on earth.
Sol. The ionosphere is a region of earth’s upper atmosphere from about 65 km. to 400 km altitude. It is ionized by solar radiation. It has practical importance because among other functions, it influences radio propagation to distant places on earth.
Q3. With the rise of temperature, the speed of sound in a gas?
तापमान के बढ़ने के साथ, गैस में ध्वनि की गति में क्या परिवर्तन आता है ?
(a)increase / वृद्धि होती है
(b)decreases / घटता है
(c)remains the same / वही रहता है
(d)None of these / इनमें कोई नहीं
Show Answer
Ans.(a)
Sol. Molecules at higher temperatures have more energy, thus they can vibrate faster. Since the molecules vibrate faster, sound waves can travel more quickly. The speed of sound in room temperature air is 346 meters per second.
Sol. Molecules at higher temperatures have more energy, thus they can vibrate faster. Since the molecules vibrate faster, sound waves can travel more quickly. The speed of sound in room temperature air is 346 meters per second.
Q4. Which waves cannot be transmitted through vaccum ?
वैक्यूम के माध्यम से कौन सी तरंगों को प्रेषित नहीं किया जा सकता है?
(a) Light / प्रकाश
(b) Heat / ऊष्मा
(c) Sound / ध्वनि
(d) Electromagnetic / विद्युत चुम्बकीय
Show Answer
Ans.(c)
Sol. Sound waves cannot be transmitted through vacuum. It is transmitted by the movement of particles along with the direction of the motion of the sound wave. More generally, sound is a mechanical disturbance which is dependent upon a medium to travel. It can be transmitted through solids, liquids, and gases.
Sol. Sound waves cannot be transmitted through vacuum. It is transmitted by the movement of particles along with the direction of the motion of the sound wave. More generally, sound is a mechanical disturbance which is dependent upon a medium to travel. It can be transmitted through solids, liquids, and gases.
Q5. Cosmic rays —
ब्रह्मांडीय किरणें
(a) Are charged particles / आवेशित कण
(b) Are uncharged particles / अनावेशित कण
(c) Can be charged as well as uncharged/ आवेशित भी किया जा सकता है साथ ही अनावेशित भी किया जा सकता है.
(d) None of the above / उपर्युक्त में से कोई नहीं
Show Answer
Ans.(a)
Sol. Cosmic rays are not the part of electromagnetic spectrum. They are immensely high-energy radiation waves, mainly originating outside the solar system.
Sol. Cosmic rays are not the part of electromagnetic spectrum. They are immensely high-energy radiation waves, mainly originating outside the solar system.
Q6. Which one of the following statements is not true about cosmic rays ?
ब्रह्मांडीय किरणों के बारे में निम्नलिखित में से कौन सा कथन सत्य नहीं है?
(a) They are electromagnetic waves / वे विद्युत चुम्बकीय तरंगें हैं
(b) They have very short wavelength / उनके पास बहुत कम तरंगदैर्ध्य
(c) They are made of highly energetic charged particles. / वे अत्यधिक ऊर्जावान चार्ज कणों से बने होते हैं।
(d) They originate from the sum / वे योग से उत्पन्न होते है
Show Answer
Ans.(a)
Sol. Cosmic rays are not the part of electromagnetic spectrum. They are immensely high-energy radiation waves, mainly originating outside the solar system.
Sol. Cosmic rays are not the part of electromagnetic spectrum. They are immensely high-energy radiation waves, mainly originating outside the solar system.
Q7. What is the distance between two successive crests or successive troughs called ?
दो लगातार शीर्ष या लगातार गर्त के बीच की दूरी क्या है?
(a) Amplitude / आयाम
(b) Wavelength / तरंग दैर्ध्य
(c) Frequency / आवृत्ति
(d) None of these / इनमें से कोई नहीं
Show Answer
Ans.(b)
Sol. Wavelength means the distance measured in the direction of a wave from any given point to the next point in the same phase, as from crest to crest. The distance between two successive crests or two successive troughs is the wavelength for a transverse wave.
Sol. Wavelength means the distance measured in the direction of a wave from any given point to the next point in the same phase, as from crest to crest. The distance between two successive crests or two successive troughs is the wavelength for a transverse wave.
Q8. Which one of the following is used for determining the structure of crystal :
क्रिस्टल की संरचना का निर्धारण करने के लिए निम्नलिखित में से किसका उपयोग किया जाता है:
(a) Gamma rays / गामा किरणें
(b) X-rays / एक्स-रे
(c) UV rays / यूवी किरणें
(d) visible light / दृश्य प्रकाश
Show Answer
Ans.(b)
Sol. Crystallography is the science that examines crystals which can be found everywhere in nature, from salt to snowflakes to gemstones. Crystallographers use the properties of the inner structure of crystals to determine the arrangement of atoms and generate knowledge which is used by chemist, physicists and other. Crystallographers use X-ray, neutron, and electron diffraction techniques to identify the characteristics of solid materials.
Sol. Crystallography is the science that examines crystals which can be found everywhere in nature, from salt to snowflakes to gemstones. Crystallographers use the properties of the inner structure of crystals to determine the arrangement of atoms and generate knowledge which is used by chemist, physicists and other. Crystallographers use X-ray, neutron, and electron diffraction techniques to identify the characteristics of solid materials.
Q9. A radar which detects the presence of an enemy aircraft uses :
एक रडार जो दुश्मन के विमान की उपस्थिति का पता लगाता है:
(a) Light waves / लाइट तरंगें
(b) Radio waves / रेडियो तरंगें
(c) Sound waves / ध्वनि तरंगें
(d) Ultrasound waves / अल्ट्रासाउंड तरंगें
Show Answer
Ans.(b)
Sol. Radar is an object-detection system which uses radio waves to determine the range, angle or velocity of objects. It is used to detect the location of aircraft, ships, spacecraft, motor vehicle etc.
Sol. Radar is an object-detection system which uses radio waves to determine the range, angle or velocity of objects. It is used to detect the location of aircraft, ships, spacecraft, motor vehicle etc.
Q10.When there is depletion of ozone in the stratosphere, the wavelength of radiation striking the earth’s surface will be
जब समताप मंडल में ओजोन की कमी हो जाती है, तो पृथ्वी की सतह पर हमला करने वाले विकिरण की तरंगदैर्ध्य कितनी होती है?
(a) 10–10 m / 10–10 मीटर
(b) 10–7 m /10–7 मीटर
(c) 10–2 m / 10–2 मीटर
(d) 100 m /100 मीटर
Show Answer
Ans.(b)
Sol. Ultraviolet radiations are mainly divided into three groups:- UV-A radiations : the long wave UV-A radiations having the wavelength of 320-400 nm. They strike the surface of the earth as the part of the rays of the sun.
UV-B radiations: the medium wave UV-B radiation has the wavelength of 280-320 nm. It is mostly absorbed by the ozone layer, but some do reach the earth’s surface.
UV-C radiations – it has a wavelength of 100-280 nm. It is completely absorbed by ozone layer and atmosphere.
Therefore, on depletion of ozone in the stratosphere, the wavelength of radiation striking the surface of the earth will be 100 nm.
1 nm = 1.0 × 10^(-9) m
100 nm = 100 × 10^(-9)
= 10^2×10^(-9)
= 10^(-7) m
Sol. Ultraviolet radiations are mainly divided into three groups:- UV-A radiations : the long wave UV-A radiations having the wavelength of 320-400 nm. They strike the surface of the earth as the part of the rays of the sun.
UV-B radiations: the medium wave UV-B radiation has the wavelength of 280-320 nm. It is mostly absorbed by the ozone layer, but some do reach the earth’s surface.
UV-C radiations – it has a wavelength of 100-280 nm. It is completely absorbed by ozone layer and atmosphere.
Therefore, on depletion of ozone in the stratosphere, the wavelength of radiation striking the surface of the earth will be 100 nm.
1 nm = 1.0 × 10^(-9) m
100 nm = 100 × 10^(-9)
= 10^2×10^(-9)
= 10^(-7) m
Q11. Which one of the following types of waves are used in a Night Vision apparatus ?
नाइट विजन यंत्र में निम्न में से किन लहरों का उपयोग किया जाता है?
(a) Radio waves / रेडियो तरंगें
(b) Microwaves / माइक्रोवेव
(c) Infra-red waves / इन्फ्रा-लाल लहरें
(d) None of these / इनमें से कोई नहीं
Show Answer
Ans.(c)
Sol. Infrared waves are the type of electromagnetic radiations with longer wavelength compared to those of visible light. It is used in night vision equipment when there is insufficient visible light to see. It is used by the soldiers to find the target, intruders and hidden bombs thus making the application of force more discriminating.
Sol. Infrared waves are the type of electromagnetic radiations with longer wavelength compared to those of visible light. It is used in night vision equipment when there is insufficient visible light to see. It is used by the soldiers to find the target, intruders and hidden bombs thus making the application of force more discriminating.
Q12. Decibel is a –
डेसीबेल क्या है?
(a)musical note / संगीत नोट
(b)musical instrument / संगीत वाद्ययंत्र
(c)unit of intensity of sound / ध्वनि की तीव्रता की इकाई
(d)unit of elasticity / लोच की इकाई
Show Answer
Ans.(c)
Sol. The decibel (dB) is used to measure sound level.
Sol. The decibel (dB) is used to measure sound level.
Q13. FM broadcasting service uses the range of frequency bands between –
एफएम प्रसारण सेवा किस बैंड आवृत्ति की सीमा का उपयोग करता है?
(a) 109-139 MHz / 109-139 मेगाहर्ट्ज
(b) 54-75 MHz / 54-75 मेगाहट्र्ज
(c) 76-87 MHz / 76-87 मेगाहर्ट्ज
(d) 88-108 MHz / 88-108 मेगाहट्र्ज
एफएम प्रसारण सेवा किस बैंड आवृत्ति की सीमा का उपयोग करता है?
(a) 109-139 MHz / 109-139 मेगाहर्ट्ज
(b) 54-75 MHz / 54-75 मेगाहट्र्ज
(c) 76-87 MHz / 76-87 मेगाहर्ट्ज
(d) 88-108 MHz / 88-108 मेगाहट्र्ज
Show Answer
Ans.(d)
Sol. FM broadcasting service uses the range of frequency bands between 88 to 108 MHz. There is a number of band allocation used around the globe:
1. 87.5 – 108 MHz: - It is the “standard” VHF FM band. The one Which is most widely used around the globe.
2. 76-90 MHz- This VHF FM band is used in Japan.
3. 65.8 – 74.0 MHz- This VHF FM band is known as the OIRT band. It was used in Eastern Europe although few other countries such as Russia, Ukraine also use it.
Sol. FM broadcasting service uses the range of frequency bands between 88 to 108 MHz. There is a number of band allocation used around the globe:
1. 87.5 – 108 MHz: - It is the “standard” VHF FM band. The one Which is most widely used around the globe.
2. 76-90 MHz- This VHF FM band is used in Japan.
3. 65.8 – 74.0 MHz- This VHF FM band is known as the OIRT band. It was used in Eastern Europe although few other countries such as Russia, Ukraine also use it.
Q14. Following rays are used in the diagnosis of intestinal diseases.
आंतों के रोगों के निदान में निम्नलिखित में से किन किरणों का उपयोग किया जाता है?
(a) X-rays / एक्स-रे
(b) α-rays / α-किरणें
(c) β-rays / β-rays
(d) γ-rays / γ-किरणें
Show Answer
Ans.(a)
Sol. X-rays are a form of electromagnetic radiations, which are used in the diagnosis of intestinal diseases.
Sol. X-rays are a form of electromagnetic radiations, which are used in the diagnosis of intestinal diseases.
Q15. CT scan is done by using–
निम्न लिखित में से किसका उपयोग करके सीटी स्कैन किया जाता है?
(a) Infra-red Rays / इन्फ्रा-लाल किरणें
(b) Ultrasonic waves / अल्ट्रासोनिक तरंगें
(c) Visible Light / दृश्यमान प्रकाश
(d) X-Rays / एक्स-रे
Show Answer
Ans.(d)
Sol. CT Scan or computed tomography are special x-rays tests that produce cross-sectional images of the body using x-rays and a computer.
Sol. CT Scan or computed tomography are special x-rays tests that produce cross-sectional images of the body using x-rays and a computer.
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