General Science Questions for Railway Exam 2018 :5th April

General Science Questions for Railway 2018:

Dear Students,

Railway Board offers opulent and revered job posts to its aspirants. And it is not every year that we get the notification from Railway offering a good number of vacant seats to the multitude aspirants. But the current year 2018 brought a pleasant surprise with almost 90,000 seats to be filled by the valid candidates. Opportunity is here but you have to welcome it with a provident strategy. The exam will be conducted in the months of April and May 2018. 

रेलवे बोर्ड अपने उम्मीदवारों के लिए भव्य और प्रतिष्ठित कार्य पदों की पेशकश करता है. और हर साल ऐसा नहीं होता है कि हमें रेलवे की ओर से अधिसूचना मिलती है. लेकिन वर्तमान वर्ष 2018 आपके लिए बहुत सुखद वर्ष है क्योंकि इसमें लगभग 90,000 सीटों को वैध उम्मीदवारों द्वारा भरा जाएगा. आपके पास बहुत अच्छा अवसर है और आपको इसे एक बेहतर रणनीति से प्राप्त करना होगा. परीक्षा अप्रैल और मई 2018 के महीने में आयोजित की जायेगी.

Q1. The bones are held together by elastic tissues are called- 
हड्डियों को जिस लचीले ऊतकों द्वारा एक साथ रखा जाता है, वह क्या कहलाते है-
(a) Ligaments / अस्थि-बंधन
(b) Fibrous tissues / रेशेदार ऊतक
(c) Fibrin / फाइब्रिन
(d) Muscular tissues/ पेशी ऊतक

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Ans.(a)
Sol. A ligament is a tissue that connects two bones to form a joint. It is tough and fibrous which means that when it is formed, a ligament can take quite a while to heal and might even require surgery.

Q2. दाँतों पर बने प्लैक्स किससे बनती हैं - 
(a) Food particles only / केवल खाद्य कण
(b) Food particles plus saliva / खाद्य कणों और लार
(c) Food particles plus saliva plus mouth acids / खाद्य कणों और लार और मुंह के अम्ल
(d) Food particles plus saliva plus mouth acids plus bacteria / खाद्य कण और लार और मुंह के अम्ल और बैक्टीरिया

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Ans.(d)
Sol. Dental plaque is a biofilm or mass of bacteria that grows on surface within the mouth. It appears as a white/pale yellow “slime layer” commonly found in between the teeth and along the cervical margins. Plaques formed on teeth are made up of food particles, saliva, mouth acids and bacteria in the oral cavity.

Q3. Which of the following are required for the formation of bones and teeth? 
हड्डियों और दांतों के निर्माण के लिए निम्नलिखित में से क्या आवश्यक है
(a) Sodium and Potassium / सोडियम और पोटेशियम
(b) Iron and Calcium / आयरन और कैल्शियम
(c) Sodium and Calcium / सोडियम और कैल्शियम
(d) Calcium and Phosphorus / कैल्शियम और फास्फोरस

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Ans.(d)
Sol. Teeth and bones both are hard, white and heavy. Teeth are composed of calcium, phosphorous and other minerals. Bones contain calcium, phosphorus, sodium and other minerals, but mostly consist of the protein collagen.

Q4. मनुष्य में, आम तौर पर निम्नलिखित में से किस भाग में, क्या शुक्राणु अंडाणु का निषेचन करता है?
(a) Cervix  / ग्रीवा
(b) Fallopian tube / फलोपियन ट्यूब
(c) Lower part of uterus / गर्भाशय का निचला हिस्सा
(d) Upper part of uterus / गर्भाशय का ऊपरी भाग

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Ans.(b)
Sol. Fallopian tube, also called oviduct or uterine tube, either of a pair of long narrow ducts located in the human female abdominal cavity that transport the male sperm cells to the egg, provide a suitable environment for fertilization and transport the egg from the ovary, where it is produced.

Q5. The amount of which of the following components in the air does not change in the process of respiration? 
हवा में निम्नलिखित में से किस घटक की मात्रा श्वसन की प्रक्रिया में परिवर्तित नहीं होती है?
(a) Carbon dioxide (CO_2 )/ कार्बन डाइआक्साइड
(b) Oxygen / ऑक्सीजन
(c) Water vapours / जल वाष्प
(d) Nitrogen / नाइट्रोजन

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Ans.(d)
Sol. The action or process of inhaling and exhaling of air is known as respiration. It is a metabolic process, common to all living things. There are five major components of air – Nitrogen 78.09%, Oxygen 20.95%, Argon 0.93%, Carbon dioxide 0.0324% and small amounts of other gases. During the expiration, nitrogen comes out with the same amount as it was entered during the inspiration.

Q6. What is hemoglobin?
हीमोग्लोबिन क्या है 
(a) Substance found in the leaves of plants / पौधों की पत्तियों में पाया गया पदार्थ
(b) Substance found in the bone-marrow / अस्थि-मज्जा में पाए जाने वाला पदार्थ
(c) Substance found in human blood / मानव रक्त में पाए जाने वाला पदार्थ
(d) Secretion coming out from the pitiutary gland / पिट्यूटरी ग्रंथि निकलने वाला स्राव

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Ans.(c)
Sol. Hemoglobin is the protein molecule in red blood cells that carries oxygen from the lungs to the body’s tissues and returns carbon dioxide from the tissues back to the lungs.

Q7. In pathology excess of white corpuscles in the blood is called 
रक्त में सफेद कणिकाओं के पैथोलॉजी अधिकता को क्या कहा जाता है
(a) Anoxia / अनॉक्सिता
(b) Leukemia  / लेकिमिया
(c) Anemia / रक्तक्षय
(d) Septicemia / सेप्टिसीमिया

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Ans.(b)
Sol. Leukemia is a group of cancer that usually begins in the bone marrow and results in high numbers of abnormal white blood cells. These white blood cells are not fully developed and are called blasts or leukemia cells. Symptoms may include bleeding and bruising problems.

Q8. In which part of our body are formed Red Blood Cells? 
हमारे शरीर के किस हिस्से में लाल रक्त कोशिकाओं का निर्माण होता है
(a) Liver / यकृत
(b) Heart / हृदय
(c) Kidney / गुर्दा
(d) Bone Marrow / अस्थि-मज्जा

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Ans.(d)
Sol. Red blood cells are an important element of blood. Their job is to transport oxygen to the body's tissues in exchange for carbon dioxide, which is carried to and eliminated by the lungs. Red blood cells are formed in the red bone marrow of bones.

Q9. The blood glucose level is commonly expressed as: 
रक्त शर्करा के स्तर को सामान्यतः किसके रूप में व्यक्त किया जाता है
(a) Mm. of Hg / Hg का मिमी.
(b) Milligram per decilitre  / मिलीग्राम प्रति डेसिलाइट्रे
(c) Parts per million/ भाग प्रति दस लाख
(d) Gram (mg/dl) per litre / ग्राम (मिलीग्राम / डीएल) प्रति लीटर

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Ans.(b)
Sol. The blood glucose level is commonly expressed as milligram per decilitre.

Q10. Arteries supplying blood to the heart are called: 
हृदय तक रक्त पहुँचाने वाली धमनियों को क्या कहा जाता है:
(a) Carotid arteries / मन्या धमनियों
(b) Hepatic arteries / हेपेटिक धमनियां
(c) Coronary arteries / परिहृद्-धमनी
(d) Pulmonary arteries / फेफड़ेां की धमनियाँ

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Ans.(c)
Sol. The vessels that deliver oxygen-rich blood to the myocardium are known as coronary arteries. The vessels that remove the deoxygenated blood from the heart muscle are known as cardiac veins. These include the great cardiac vein, the middle cardiac vein, the small cardiac vein and the anterior cardiac veins.

Q11. The enzyme which takes part in changing fibrinogen to fibrin when blood clots are 
एंजाइम जो रक्त के थक्के के समय फाइब्रिनोजेन को फाइब्रिन में बदलता है
(a) Pepsin / पेप्सिन
(b) Maltase / माल्टेज़
(c) Thrombin / थ्रोम्बिन
(d) Prothrombin /प्रोथ्रोम्बिन

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Ans.(c)
Sol. Clotting of blood is a complex chemical process which can be divided into three steps. In the last step thrombin working like enzyme changes or induces the change of soluble protein fibrinogen present in the blood plasma, to insoluble fibrin protein molecules.

Q12. Which one among the following is not a good source of nutritional calcium?
निम्नलिखित में से क्या पोषण कैल्शियम का एक अच्छा स्रोत नहीं है?
(a) Rice/ चावल
(b) Ragi/ रागी
(c) Skimmed milk/ मखनिया दूध
(d) Egg/ अंडा

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Ans.(a)
Sol. White rice is about 90 percent carbohydrate, 8 percent protein and 2 percent fat

Q13. Percentage of water in plasma is- 
प्लाज्मा में पानी का प्रतिशत कितना है-
(a) 60%
(b) 70%
(c) 80%
(d) 92%

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Ans.(d)
Sol. Plasma is the liquid portion of blood-protein-salt solution which is 90 to 92% of water.

Q14. Enzyme is a- 
एनज़िम क्या है- 
(a) Vitamin / विटामिन
(b) Bacterium / जीवाणु
(c) Bio-catalyst  / जैव उत्प्रेरक
(d) Virus/वाइरस

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Ans.(c)
Sol. Enzymes are biological molecules (proteins) that act as biocatalysts and help complex reactions occur everywhere in life. These are basically proteins and perform chemical transformations on organic compounds.

Q15. Which one of the following groups of compounds is called ‘accessory dietary factor’? 
निम्नलिखित में से किस यौगिक समूह को एक 'सहायक आहार का कारक' कहा जाता है?
(a) Fats /वसा
(b) Hormones / हार्मोन
(c) Proteins / प्रोटीन
(d) Vitamins / विटामिन

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Ans.(d)
Sol. Frederick Gowland Hopkins was the first scientist to elucidate the “accessory food factor,” the idea that food contains trace amounts of substances essential for nutrition. Accessory food factors later came to be called vitamins.

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