Features of Computer Generations: Explained

What is Computer?

“Computer is an electronic device that takes input from the user, processes it with the help of instruction and produces the output. We can also store the output for future use.”

Full form of Computer:

• C - Commonly 
• O - Operated 
• M - Machine 
• P - Particularly 
• U – Used for 
• T - Technical 
• E - Education 
• R - Research 

Function of computers:

Characteristics of Computer

• Speed 
• Accuracy 
• Storage 
• Diligence 
• Versatility 
• Automation 

Generation of computers:

Ist Generation: (1940-1956)

• Vacuum tubes were used in circuits. 
• These computers are very large in size. 
• They require a large amount of electricity. 
• They produce more heat. 
• They are less revival. 
• Ex.: ENIAC, UNIVAC. 

IInd Generation: (1957-1962)

• Vacuum tubes were replaced by transistors in circuits. 
• Small size as compared to Ist Generation computers. 
• Less amount of heat Generation. 
• Less electricity consumption. 
• Ex.: IBM 350 

IIIrd Generation: (1963-1972)

• Transistors were replaced by I.C. in circuits. (I.C.- Integrated circuits) 
• Small size as compared to IInd Generation computer. 
• Less amount of heat as compared to IInd Generation computer. 
• Less electricity consumption. 
• Faster and more accurate than IInd Generation computer. 
• Ex.: IBM 360/370 

IVth Generation: (1973-Present)

• LSI and LSVI technologies are used. 
• LSI- Large scale integration. 
• LSVI-Very large scale integration. 
• Microprocessors are developed. 
• Apple-II, STAR 1000 

Vth Generation: (Present & Beyond)

• It is based on the technique of Artificial Intelligence (AI). 
• Computer can understand spoken words. 
• Scientists are constantly working to increase the processing power of computers. 
• They are trying to create a computer with real IQ with the help of advanced programming and technologies. 
• Ex.: IBM Watson. 

Some important points:

• Roman’s abacus is the device that use for calculation.
• Charles Babbage invented two machine Analytical engine and Difference engine.
• Electronic Numerical Integrator and Calculator (ENIAC) is the first general purpose digital electronic computer.
• The first mechanical calculator built by Blaise Pascal.
• Basic architecture of computer was developed by John Von Neumann.
• IBM- International Business Machines.

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