i.e. P, Q, R and S. Rearrange these four parts into a logical order to make a coherent paragraph.
# 1.
S1: In nearly all human populations a majority of individuals can taste the artificially synthesized chemical phenylthiocarbonide (PTC).
P: This polymorphism is observed in non-human primates as well indicates a long evolutionary history which, although obviously not acting on PTC, might reflect evolutionary selection for taste discrimination of other.
Q: More significant bitter substances, such as certain toxic plants.
R: A somewhat more puzzling human polymorphism is the genetic variability in earwax, or cerumen, which is observed in two varieties
S: However, the percentage varies dramatically--from as low as 60% in India to as high as 95% in Africa.
S6: Among European populations 90% of individuals have a sticky yellow variety rather than a dry, gray one, whereas in northern China these numbers are approximately the reverse.
# 2.
S1: “Reform” in America has been sterile because it can imagine no change except through the extension of this metaphor of a race, wider inclusion of competitors.
P: “A piece of the action,” as it were, for the disenfranchised.
Q: America seems not to honor the quiet work that achieves social interdependence and stability
R: There is no attempt to call off the race.
S: Since our only stability is change.
S6: There is, in our legends, no heroism of the office clerk, no stable industrial work force of the people who actually make the system work.
# 3.
S1. Perhaps the least controversial assertion about the pterosaurs is that they were reptiles.
P: The anatomy of their wings suggests that they did not evolve into the class of birds.
Q: In pterosaurs a greatly elongated fourth finger of each forelimb supported a wing-like membrane
R: Their skulls, pelvises, and hind feet are reptilian.
S: The other fingers were short and reptilian, with sharp claws.
S6: In birds the second finger is the principal strut of the wing, which consists primarily of feathers.
# 4.
S1: In the eighteenth century, Japan’s feudal overlords, from the shogun to the humblest samurai, found themselves under financial stress.P: Commercial efficiency, in turn, had put temptations in the way of buyers
Q: In part, this stress can be attributed to the overlords’ failure to adjust to a rapidly expanding economy.
R: Concentration of the samurai in castle-towns had acted as a stimulus to trade.
S: But the stress was also due to factors beyond the overlords’ control
S6: Since most samurai had been reduced to idleness by years of peace, encouraged to engage in scholarship and martial exercises or to perform administrative tasks that took little time, it is not surprising that their tastes and habits grew expensive.
S6: Since most samurai had been reduced to idleness by years of peace, encouraged to engage in scholarship and martial exercises or to perform administrative tasks that took little time, it is not surprising that their tastes and habits grew expensive.
# 5.
S1: Most economists in the United States seem captivated by the spell of the free market.
P: In fact, price-fixing is normal in all industrialized societies because the industrial system itself provides, as an effortless consequence of its own development, the price-fixing that it requires.
Q: A price that is determined by the seller or, for that matter, established by anyone other than the aggregate of consumers seems pernicious.
R: Accordingly, it requires a major act of will to think of price-fixing (the determination of prices by the seller) as both “normal” and having a valuable economic function.
S: Consequently, nothing seems good or normal that does not accord with the requirements of the free market
S6: Modern industrial planning requires and rewards great size. Hence, a comparatively small number of large firms will be competing for the same group of consumers.
P: In fact, price-fixing is normal in all industrialized societies because the industrial system itself provides, as an effortless consequence of its own development, the price-fixing that it requires.
Q: A price that is determined by the seller or, for that matter, established by anyone other than the aggregate of consumers seems pernicious.
R: Accordingly, it requires a major act of will to think of price-fixing (the determination of prices by the seller) as both “normal” and having a valuable economic function.
S: Consequently, nothing seems good or normal that does not accord with the requirements of the free market
S6: Modern industrial planning requires and rewards great size. Hence, a comparatively small number of large firms will be competing for the same group of consumers.
Answers
1. c. SPQR
2. a. PRSQ
3. c. RPQS
4. d. QSRP
5. b. SQRP
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