Railway Board offers opulent and revered job posts to its aspirants. And it is not every year that we get the notification from Railway offering a good number of vacant seats to the multitude aspirants. But the current year 2018 brought a pleasant surprise with almost 1,20,000 seats to be filled by the valid candidates. Opportunity is here but you have to welcome it with a provident strategy.
रेलवे बोर्ड अपने उम्मीदवारों के लिए भव्य और प्रतिष्ठित कार्य पदों की पेशकश करता है. और हर साल ऐसा नहीं होता है कि हमें रेलवे की ओर से अधिसूचना मिलती है. लेकिन वर्तमान वर्ष 2018 आपके लिए बहुत सुखद वर्ष है क्योंकि इसमें लगभग 1,20,000 सीटों को वैध उम्मीदवारों द्वारा भरा जाएगा. आपके पास बहुत अच्छा अवसर है और आपको इसे एक बेहतर रणनीति से प्राप्त करना होगा.
Q1. ‘Dialysis’ is related to?
‘डायलिसिस’ किस से सम्बंधित है?
(a) Liver/ यकृत
(b) Kidney/ वृक्क
(c) Eyes/ आँखें
(d) Brain/ मस्तिष्क
Ans.(b)
Sol. Kidneys remove excess organic molecules from the blood. They serve the body as a natural filter of the blood and remove water-soluble wastes, such as urea and ammonium and they are also responsible for the reabsorption of water, glucose and amino acids.
Sol. Kidneys remove excess organic molecules from the blood. They serve the body as a natural filter of the blood and remove water-soluble wastes, such as urea and ammonium and they are also responsible for the reabsorption of water, glucose and amino acids.
Q2. Where is urea separated from the blood?
यूरिया रक्त से कहां अलग होता है?
(a) Intestine /आंत
(b) Stomach /पेट
(c) Spleen /प्लीहा
(d) Kidney / वृक्क
Show Answer
Ans.(d)
Sol. The process, ultrafiltration occurs at the barrier between the blood and the filtrate in the renal capsule in the kidney. The kidneys remove urea and other toxic wastes from the blood, forming a dilute solution called urine in the process.
Q3. The average blood flow through kidneys per minute is Sol. The process, ultrafiltration occurs at the barrier between the blood and the filtrate in the renal capsule in the kidney. The kidneys remove urea and other toxic wastes from the blood, forming a dilute solution called urine in the process.
प्रति मिनट गुर्दे के माध्यम से औसत रक्त प्रवाह है:
(a) 1000 cc
(b) 1200 cc
(c) 200 cc
(d) 500 cc
Show Answer
Ans.(b)
Sol. Kidneys are the most important organ in our body. Our kidneys purify around 1500 litre of blood and convert it into approximately 1.5 litre urine per day. 1200 ml of blood flows through both the kidneys per minute and out of it 1 ml of urine is formed per minute.
Sol. Kidneys are the most important organ in our body. Our kidneys purify around 1500 litre of blood and convert it into approximately 1.5 litre urine per day. 1200 ml of blood flows through both the kidneys per minute and out of it 1 ml of urine is formed per minute.
Q4. When kidneys fail to function, there is accumulation of-
जब गुर्दे कार्य करने में विफल हो जाता हैं, तो इसमें किसका संचय होता है-
(a) Fats in the body /शरीर में वसा
(b) Proteins in the body /शरीर में प्रोटीन
(c) Sugar in the blood /रक्त में शुगर
(d) Nitrogenous waste products in the blood /रक्त में नाइट्रोजनयुक्त अपशिष्ट पदार्थ
Show Answer
Ans.(d)
Sol. Metabolism refers to all of the body’s chemical process, the digestion of food and the elimination of waste. The main nitrogenous wastes are urea and uric acid. Urea is formed from gluconeogenesis of amino acids. Urea is one of the primary components of urine.
Sol. Metabolism refers to all of the body’s chemical process, the digestion of food and the elimination of waste. The main nitrogenous wastes are urea and uric acid. Urea is formed from gluconeogenesis of amino acids. Urea is one of the primary components of urine.
Q5. What is the limit of MG/DL of blood sugar in the normal person at the time of fast?
उपवास के समय सामान्य व्यक्ति में ब्लड शुगर के MG/DL की सीमा क्या है?
(a) 40-60
(b) 120-150
(c) 70-100
(d) 160-200
Show Answer
Ans.(c)
Sol. Normal Human Glucose Blood Test results should be 70-100 (mg/dL) before meals, and less than 180 mg/dL after meals .
Sol. Normal Human Glucose Blood Test results should be 70-100 (mg/dL) before meals, and less than 180 mg/dL after meals .
Q6. The cross-section of a stem of tree has fifty rings, what is the age of the tree?
एक तने के पार अनुभाग में 50 वृत्त है,पेड़ की उम्र क्या है?
(a) 50 months / 50 महीने
(b) 5 years / 5 वर्ष
(c) 25 years / 25 वर्ष
(d) 50 years / 50 वर्ष
Show Answer
Ans.(d)
Sol. Dendrochronolgy or tree-ring dating is the scientific method of dating based on the analysis of patterns of tree rings, also known as growth rings. Visible rings result from the change in growth speed through the seasons of the year, thus one ring usually marks the passage of one year in the life of the tree.
Sol. Dendrochronolgy or tree-ring dating is the scientific method of dating based on the analysis of patterns of tree rings, also known as growth rings. Visible rings result from the change in growth speed through the seasons of the year, thus one ring usually marks the passage of one year in the life of the tree.
Q7. The bones are held together by elastic tissues are called-
लोचदार ऊतक द्वारा हड्डियों को एक साथ रखे जाने को क्या कहते है?
(a) Ligaments / स्नायुबंधन
(b) Fibrous tissues / रेशेदार ऊतक
(c) Fibrin / फाइब्रिन
(d) Muscular tissues / मांसपेशी ऊतक
लोचदार ऊतक द्वारा हड्डियों को एक साथ रखे जाने को क्या कहते है?
(a) Ligaments / स्नायुबंधन
(b) Fibrous tissues / रेशेदार ऊतक
(c) Fibrin / फाइब्रिन
(d) Muscular tissues / मांसपेशी ऊतक
Show Answer
Ans.(a)
Sol. A ligament is a tissue that connects two bones to form a joint. It is tough and fibrous which means that when it is formed, a ligament can take quite a while to heal and might even require surgery.
Sol. A ligament is a tissue that connects two bones to form a joint. It is tough and fibrous which means that when it is formed, a ligament can take quite a while to heal and might even require surgery.
Q8. Plaques formed on teeth are made up of-
दांतों पर निर्मित प्लैक्स किस से बने होते है?
(a) Food particles only / खाद्य कण से
(b) Food particles plus saliva / खाद्य कण और लार
(c) Food particles plus saliva plus mouth acids / खाद्य कण, लार और मुंह एसिड
(d) Food particles plus saliva plus mouth acids plus bacteria / खाद्य कण, लार, मुंह एसिड और बैक्टीरिया
दांतों पर निर्मित प्लैक्स किस से बने होते है?
(a) Food particles only / खाद्य कण से
(b) Food particles plus saliva / खाद्य कण और लार
(c) Food particles plus saliva plus mouth acids / खाद्य कण, लार और मुंह एसिड
(d) Food particles plus saliva plus mouth acids plus bacteria / खाद्य कण, लार, मुंह एसिड और बैक्टीरिया
Show Answer
Ans.(d)
Sol. Dental plaque is a biofilm or mass of bacteria that grows on surface within the mouth. It appears as a white/pale yellow “slime layer” commonly found in between the teeth and along the cervical margins. Plaques formed on teeth are made up of food particles, saliva, mouth acids and bacteria in the oral cavity.
Sol. Dental plaque is a biofilm or mass of bacteria that grows on surface within the mouth. It appears as a white/pale yellow “slime layer” commonly found in between the teeth and along the cervical margins. Plaques formed on teeth are made up of food particles, saliva, mouth acids and bacteria in the oral cavity.
Q9. A hydrophyte is:
एक हाइड्रोफिट है-
(a) A marine animal/ एक समुद्री जानवर
(b) An aquatic plant/ एक जलीय पौधा
(c) A plant disease/ पौधे का रोग
(d) A rootless plant / एक जड़ रहित पौधा
एक हाइड्रोफिट है-
(a) A marine animal/ एक समुद्री जानवर
(b) An aquatic plant/ एक जलीय पौधा
(c) A plant disease/ पौधे का रोग
(d) A rootless plant / एक जड़ रहित पौधा
Show Answer
Ans.(b)
Sol. Hydrophytes or an equatic plants are plants, that have adapted to live in an aquatic environment (salt water or fresh water). They are also referred as macrophytes.
Sol. Hydrophytes or an equatic plants are plants, that have adapted to live in an aquatic environment (salt water or fresh water). They are also referred as macrophytes.
Q10 Which of the following is not correctly matched
निम्न में से कौन सा सही मिलान नहीं किया गया है
(a) Autotroph/स्वपोषी : producer/उत्पादक
(b) Haterotroph/परपोषी : Consumer/उपभोक्ता
(c) Saprotroph/सेप्रोट्रोफ : Decomposer/अपघटित करने वाला
(d) Herbivore/शाकाहारी : Secondary Consumer/माध्यमिक उपभोक्ता
निम्न में से कौन सा सही मिलान नहीं किया गया है
(a) Autotroph/स्वपोषी : producer/उत्पादक
(b) Haterotroph/परपोषी : Consumer/उपभोक्ता
(c) Saprotroph/सेप्रोट्रोफ : Decomposer/अपघटित करने वाला
(d) Herbivore/शाकाहारी : Secondary Consumer/माध्यमिक उपभोक्ता
Show Answer
Ans.(d)
Sol. Auttotrophs are the producers in a food chain such as plants on land or algae in water, in contrast to heterotrophs as consumers of autotrophs. Saprotroph, a term used for organisms which obtain nutrients from dead organic matter (this term commonly applies to fungi). A herbivore is an animal anatomically and physiologically adapted to eating plant material (for example foliage) for the main component of its diet. More generally, herbivores feed on autotrophs and are known as primary consumers. Thus option (d) is not correctly matched.
Sol. Auttotrophs are the producers in a food chain such as plants on land or algae in water, in contrast to heterotrophs as consumers of autotrophs. Saprotroph, a term used for organisms which obtain nutrients from dead organic matter (this term commonly applies to fungi). A herbivore is an animal anatomically and physiologically adapted to eating plant material (for example foliage) for the main component of its diet. More generally, herbivores feed on autotrophs and are known as primary consumers. Thus option (d) is not correctly matched.
Q11. Trophic level-I includes:
उष्णकटिबंधीय स्तर-I में शामिल हैं:
(a) Herbivorous animals / शाकाहारी जानवर
(b) Carnivorous animals / मांसाहारी जानवर
(c) Omnivorous animals / सर्वव्यापी जानवर
(d) Green plants / हरे पौधे
उष्णकटिबंधीय स्तर-I में शामिल हैं:
(a) Herbivorous animals / शाकाहारी जानवर
(b) Carnivorous animals / मांसाहारी जानवर
(c) Omnivorous animals / सर्वव्यापी जानवर
(d) Green plants / हरे पौधे
Show Answer
Ans.(d)
Sol. Trophic level-I includes all autotrophs which synthesize their food by themselves. All green plants belong to this trophic level. Organisms of trophic level-I usually utilize the radiant energy of the sun to synthesize their oganic molecules.
Sol. Trophic level-I includes all autotrophs which synthesize their food by themselves. All green plants belong to this trophic level. Organisms of trophic level-I usually utilize the radiant energy of the sun to synthesize their oganic molecules.
Q12. Fishers survive under the frozen lake, because
मछलियां जमी हुई झील के नीचे जीवित रहती हैं, क्योंकि -
(a) Fishes have hot blood / मछलियों में गर्म रक्त है
(b) Fishes are in hibernation under it / मछलियां इसके नीचे शीतनिंद्रा में होती है
(c) Water does not freeze near bottom / तल के निकट पानी जमता नहीं है
(d) Ice is the conductor of heat. / बर्फ गर्मी का कंडक्टर है
मछलियां जमी हुई झील के नीचे जीवित रहती हैं, क्योंकि -
(a) Fishes have hot blood / मछलियों में गर्म रक्त है
(b) Fishes are in hibernation under it / मछलियां इसके नीचे शीतनिंद्रा में होती है
(c) Water does not freeze near bottom / तल के निकट पानी जमता नहीं है
(d) Ice is the conductor of heat. / बर्फ गर्मी का कंडक्टर है
Show Answer
Ans.(c)
Sol. Lakes and rivers are frozen when the outer temperature decrease below the freezing point in winters. But only the upper layer freezes in the condition. Water remains in liquid form below the upper layer. So fishes and other aquatic creatures can survive even in frozen lake.
Sol. Lakes and rivers are frozen when the outer temperature decrease below the freezing point in winters. But only the upper layer freezes in the condition. Water remains in liquid form below the upper layer. So fishes and other aquatic creatures can survive even in frozen lake.
Q13. After bringing out of water fishes die because
मछलियां पानी से बाहर निकलने के बाद मर जाती हैं क्योंकि:
(a) They get excess quantity of oxygen /उन्हें ऑक्सीजन की अतिरिक्त मात्रा मिलती है
(b) Their body temperature increases /उनके शरीर का तापमान बढ़ जाता है
(c) They cannot breathe / वे साँस नहीं ले सकते
(d) They can not move in water / वे पानी में नहीं जा सकते
मछलियां पानी से बाहर निकलने के बाद मर जाती हैं क्योंकि:
(a) They get excess quantity of oxygen /उन्हें ऑक्सीजन की अतिरिक्त मात्रा मिलती है
(b) Their body temperature increases /उनके शरीर का तापमान बढ़ जाता है
(c) They cannot breathe / वे साँस नहीं ले सकते
(d) They can not move in water / वे पानी में नहीं जा सकते
Show Answer
Ans.(c)
Sol. Fish use gills to breath and gills can only bring in oxygen when moist. Out of water, a fish’s gills dries out and then the fish dies.
Sol. Fish use gills to breath and gills can only bring in oxygen when moist. Out of water, a fish’s gills dries out and then the fish dies.
Q14. By whom estrogen is produced-
एस्ट्रोजन का उत्पादन किसके द्वारा किया जाता है -
(a) Egg/अंडा
(b) Follicles/फली
(c) Corpus luteum /पीत-पिण्ड
(d) Uterus/गर्भाशय
एस्ट्रोजन का उत्पादन किसके द्वारा किया जाता है -
(a) Egg/अंडा
(b) Follicles/फली
(c) Corpus luteum /पीत-पिण्ड
(d) Uterus/गर्भाशय
Show Answer
Ans.(b)
Sol. Estrogens hormones are produced primarily by the ovaries. They are released by the follicles on the ovaries and are also secreted by the corpus luteum after the egg has been released from the follicle and from the placenta. The primary function of estrogens is the development of female secondary sexual characteristics. These included breasts, endometrium, regulation of sperm, the menstrual cycle, etc.
Sol. Estrogens hormones are produced primarily by the ovaries. They are released by the follicles on the ovaries and are also secreted by the corpus luteum after the egg has been released from the follicle and from the placenta. The primary function of estrogens is the development of female secondary sexual characteristics. These included breasts, endometrium, regulation of sperm, the menstrual cycle, etc.
Q15. In the human body, which of the following is ductless gland?
मानव शरीर में, निम्नलिखित में से कौन सी एक लचीला ग्रंथि है?
(a) Liver / यकृत
(b) Sweat gland / पसीने की ग्रंथि
(c) Endocrine glands / अंत: स्रावी ग्रंथियां
(d) Kidney / वृक्क
मानव शरीर में, निम्नलिखित में से कौन सी एक लचीला ग्रंथि है?
(a) Liver / यकृत
(b) Sweat gland / पसीने की ग्रंथि
(c) Endocrine glands / अंत: स्रावी ग्रंथियां
(d) Kidney / वृक्क
Show Answer
Ans.(c)
Sol. Endocrine or internally secreting glands are ductless glands since they lack excretory ducts. Endocrine glands secrete their products, hormones, directly into the blood rather than through a duct. The major glands of the endocrine system include the pineal gland, pituitary gland, pancreas, thymus, thyroid gland, parathyroid gland and adrenal glands etc.
Sol. Endocrine or internally secreting glands are ductless glands since they lack excretory ducts. Endocrine glands secrete their products, hormones, directly into the blood rather than through a duct. The major glands of the endocrine system include the pineal gland, pituitary gland, pancreas, thymus, thyroid gland, parathyroid gland and adrenal glands etc.
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