Static Awareness based on Jharkhand: An Insight Into The Indian States

Dear Readers,

Jharkhand is a state in eastern India. It was carved out of the southern part of Bihar on 15 November 2000. Jharkhand shares its border with the states of Bihar to the north, Uttar Pradesh and Chhattisgarh to the west, Orissa to the south, and West Bengal to the east. It has an area of 79,714 km. The industrial city of Ranchi is its capital and Dumka is sub capital while Jamshedpur is the largest and the biggest industrial city of the state.

Capital city: Ranchi

Chief Minister: Raghubar Das

Governor: Draupadi Murmu       

High Court : Ranchi  High Court, Ranchi

Number of Districts: 24

National Parks :

S.No.	Name of National Park	Special Species (if any important)	Important Remarks
1.	Dalma WildLife Sanctuary	The Wildlife Sanctuary offers shelter to Elephants, Barking Deer, Sloth Bear and Porcupines as the major inhabitants. Forest cover has been uncovered up to 90% due to the selective pilferage by timber mafia for years.	Dalma Wildlife Sanctuary, located around the Dalma Hills 10 km from Jamshedpur City in Jharkhand, was inaugurated by Sanjay Gandhi in 1975.
2.	Hazaribagh Wild Life Sanctuary	The wildlife sanctuary houses leopards, panthers, wild boars, tigers, sambar, nilgai, chital, peafowl, sloth bears, black bears, hyenas and pigeons.	Hazaribagh Wildlife Sanctuary, around 55 miles (89 km) north of Ranchi in Jharkhand, was established in 1955.
3.	Betla National Park	Betla is among the first national parks in India to become a tiger reserve under Project Tiger. Elephants are also found here in large number.	Betla National Park, lying in the Chota Nagpur Plateau of the Palamu District in Jharkhand, possesses a big range of wild life.
4.	Saranda - The Sal Forest	The area, comprising of iron ore mining towns such as Gua, Chiria, Kiriburu and Noamundi, is inhabited by Ho people.	Saranda Forest, a dense forest in the hilly region of West Singhbhum District in Jharkhand, literally means seven hundred hills.
5.	Palamau Tiger Reserve	Before getting the identity of a reserve, the land was utilized for cattle grazing and camping, and the area was highly prone to jungle fire.	Palamau Tiger Reserve, among the nine original tiger reserves in India, forms part of Betla National Park, in Palamu District in Jharkhand.

Important Dams, Rivers and Lakes:

Dams

S.No.	Dam	River	Nearest City	Type of dam
1.	Chinda Dam	Chinda	Simdega	Earthen / Gravity / Masonry
2.	Anraj Dam	Arraj	Garhwa	Earthen
3.	Getalsud Dam	Subarnarekha	Ranchi	Earthen
4.	Panchat Hill Dam	Damodar	Dhanbad	Earthen / Gravity / Masonry

Rivers

S.No.	River
1.	Damodar
2.	Sankh
3.	North Koel
4.	Barakar
5.	Subarnarekha
6.	Ganga

Lakes

S.No.	Lake	Located in/near
1.	Ranchi Lake	Ranchi
2.	Topchanchi Lake	Dhanbad
3.	Hundru Falls	Ranchi
4.	Panch Ghagh	Khunti
5.	Canary Hill	Hazaribagh
6.	Hirni Falls	Ranchi

Important Power generation plants:

S.No.	Plant/Project	Type/Category	Remarks (if any)
1.	Tenughat Thermal Power Station	Thermal power	The power plant is owned by Jharkhand State owned Tenughat Vidyut Nigam Limited
2.	Patratu Thermal Power Station	coal-based thermal power
3.	Sikidiri Hydel Power Plant	Hydel Power	Ramgarh

Airports:

Airport Name	City Served	Category
Chakulia Airport	Chakulia	Domestic
Deoghar Airport	Deoghar	International
Birsa Munda Airport	Ranchi	International
Dhanbad Airport	Dhanbad	Domestic
Bokaro Airport	Bokaro	Private
Sonari Airport	Jamshedpur	Domestic

Folk Dances:

S.No.	Folk Dances	Remarks (if any)
1.	Paika	The Munda community of Jharkhand performs the Paika Dance. It is a stylized representation of the rituals connected with the preparations of war.
2.	Tribal Dances	The Adivasis of Jharkhand (Mundas, Santhals and Oraon)s are born dancers and singers. Their songs and music are joyous and depict the festive spirit that prevails whenever there is an occasion for people to get together.
3.	Hunta Dance	The Hunting Dance of the Santhals who live in the hilly plateaus of the Chota Nagpur region of the Santhal Parganas of Jharkhand is known as the Hunta Dance.
4.	Mundari Dance	The Mundari Dance is a very common and popular dance of the Mundaris. All members of the community can participate in this dance.
5.	Barao Dance	The richness and variety of the Barao Dance and music is remarkable. The Oraon community of the state, who are mainly concentrated in the Hazaribagh Goomla area, performs this dance.
6.	Jenana Jhumur	The Santhal and Nagpuri communities mainly perform the Jhumur songs and dances of Jharkhand. The Jenana Jhumur Dance is a traditional dance of the women of the Jharkhand region performed mainly during the period of cultivation in the rainy season.

Tribes:

1. Munda
2. Santhal
3. Oraon
4. Kharia
5. Gond
6. Kol
7. Kanwar
8. Savar
9. Asur
10. Baiga
11. Banjara
12. Bathudi

Important Regional Festivals:

S.No.	Festival Name	Remarks
1.	Karma	The festival of Karma, also known to be a religious festival, calls for huge celebration among the tribals of Jharkhand. On the day of this festival devotees keep fast of complete 24 hours. The cultural performances are observed keeping a branch of a Sal tree in the middle of an open ground.
2.	Sohrai	The Sohrai festival is a popular and much-awaited festival of the tribes of Jharkhand. It is associated with the cattle and is celebrated during the festival of Diwali, which falls in the month of November. During the festive celebrations the cattle are washed and worshipped. This is a time for great amusement and performances of cattle such as bullfights are organized to multiply the fun and excitement.
3.	Sarhul	This is the main festival of the tribal population of Jharkhand. The verbal meaning of Sarhul is worship of the Sal tree. Sarhul can also be redefined as worship of nature in which local people worship Sita, the wife of Lord Rama as `Dhartimata`.
4.	Ramnavami	This religious Hindu festival is celebrated in the whole country along with the state of Jharkand with equal amount of pomp and show. This auspicious day is observed to mark the birth of Lord Rama.
5.	Chhath Puja	The `Sun-God` is worshipped by almost all civilizations but adopts a unique form in the state of Jharkhand. Chhath Puja is reckoned as one of the most important festivals of Jharkhand..
6.	Jityya Bhaiya Dooj	Jitya Bhaiya Dooj one of the prominent festivals of Jharkhand is celebrated in the state of Jharkhand with as much exuberance as in the other states. It is a festival purely dedicated to the love and affection between brothers and sisters.
7.	Basant Panchami	Another well known festivals of Jharkhand is the Basant Panchami. This festival is celebrated in Jharkhand with as much pomp and fervor as that of the whole country
8.	Dussehra	Dussehra, one of the much-awaited festivals of Jharkhand. It is a ten days event in total. It demands the participation of the rich and the poor alike. The festival is marked in the state by the worship of Goddess Durga, the incarnation of the cosmic energy.

Important Temples/Archaeological Monuments/Sites:

S.No.	Temple/ Archeological Monument/ Site	Located in/near
1.	Baidyanath Jyotirlinga temple	Deoghar
2.	Jamma Masjid	Santhal Parganas
3.	Ancient Mound	Singhbhum
4.	Site of an old fort	Singhbhum
5.	Ashoka inscription on the Chandan Shahid -hill	Ranchi
6.	Ancient Stone Temple with a small Sivalinga inside	Ranchi

Nick Names/Special Titles of Cities:

S.No.	City	Nick Name
1.	Dhanbad	The Coal Capital of India
2.	Jamshedpur	Steel City of IndiaPittsburgh of India

Sport Stadiums:

S.No.	Stadium/Arena	Sport-Purpose	City
1.	Jharkhand State Cricket Association	Cricket	Ranchi

Constituency of Cabinet Ministers:

S.No.	Name	Constituency	Ministry
1.	Sudarshan Bhagat	Lohardaga	Agriculture and Farmers (MoS)
2.	Jayant Sinha	Hazaribagh	Civil Aviation (MoS)

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