Computer Awareness Daily Glossary

Computer Awareness Daily Glossary:

Dear Readers, Here we have given the list of important Computer Awareness Glossary, Candidates those who are preparing for the upcoming Banking exams can use this.

COMPUTER AWARENESS DAILY GLOSSARY

Network Interface Card (NIC): It is a computer hardware component that connects a computer to a computer Network. It provides a physical access to a networking medium.

Network: A system [transmission channels and supporting hardware and software] that connects several remotely located computers via telecommunications.

Nibble: Half a byte, or four bits.

Node: A junction or connection point in a network, e.g. a terminal or a computer.

Null: A value whose definition is to be supplied within the context of a specific operating system. This value is a representation of the set of no numbers or no value for the operating system in use.

Offline: Pertaining to data that is not accessible by, or hardware devices that are not connected to, a networked computer system.

Online: (a) Noun: Pertaining to data and/or hardware devices accessible to and under the control of a networked computer system. (b) Adverb: Connected. You are online if you are working on your computer while it is connected to another computer. Your printer is online if it is connected to your computer and ready to accept data.

Object code. A code expressed in machine language [«1»s and «0»s] which is normally an output of a given translation process that is ready to be executed by a computer.

Object program: A computer program that is the output of an assembler or compiler.

Octal: The base 8 number system. Digits are 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, & 7.

Optimization: Modifying a program to improve performance; e.g., to make it run faster or to make it use fewer resources.

Password: Password is a series of characters used to protect resources in a computer from unauthorized access. It is one of the ways to secure computer information from unauthorized users.

Peripheral: A physical device (such as a printer, scanner, or disk subsystem) that is externally attached to a workstation or to the network.

Plugin: A helper application that works within a browser. It adds more functionality to a browser; commonly associated with the Netscape Navigator browser software.

Personal Computer: A small computer designed for use by an individual, a microcomputer.

Processor: The logical component of a computer system that interprets and executes program instructions.

Program: (1) Noun: Computer instructions structured and ordered in a manner that, when executed, causes a computer to perform a particular function.

(2) Verb: The act of producing computer software to perform some application.

Programming: The act of writing a computer program.

Programming language: A language programmers use to communicate instructions to a computer.

Parallel: Pertaining to the simultaneity of two or more processes.

Parity: An error detection method in data transmissions that consists of selectively adding a 1-bit to bit patterns [word, byte, character, message] to cause the bit patterns to have either an odd number of 1-bits [odd parity] or an even number of 1-bits [even parity].

Parity bit: A binary digit appended to a group of binary digits to make the sum of all the digits, including the appended binary digit, either odd or even, as predetermined.

Pixel: In computer graphics, the smallest element of a display surface that can be assigned independent characteristics.

Packet Switching: It refers to method of digital networking communication that combined all transmitted data regardless of content, type or structure into suitable sized blocks, known as packets. Each packet has header information about the scurce, destination, packet numbering etc.

Printed circuit board: A flat board that holds chips and other electronic components. The board is “printed” with electrically conductive pathways between the components.

Prototyping: Using software tools to accelerate the software development process by facilitating the

identification of required functionality during analysis and design phases.

Pseudocode: A combination of programming language and natural language used to express a software design.

 

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