Dear Readers, We are providing you a Study Notes for Reasoing for SSC CGL 2016,SSC CGL SSC CHSL, Railways and SSC CPO .
ANALOGY
Introduction – When two words or number are similar then there must be some logically explicable way in which they are similar. If the same logical explanation may be given for another pair of words or numbers, their relationships will also be similar. Then we say that the two pairs exhibit analogy.
For example: Student : school
Patient : hospital.
Types of Analogy
(i) Word Analogy – (a) meaningful words
(b) non-meaningful words
(ii) Number Analogy
(i) Word Analogy – There are many possibilities in establishing a relationship. Here are some useful points.
1.Worker & Product
E.g. Carpenter : Furniture : : Mason : Wall
Author : Novel
Writer : Book
Cobbler : Shoes
Butcher : Meat
2.Worker & Tool
E.g. Wood cutter : Axe : : Soldier : Gun
Writer : Pen
Tailor : Sewing Machine
Surgeon : Scalpel
Black Smith : Anvil
3.Tool & Action
E.g. Pen: Write : : Knife : Cut
Loudspeaker : Amplify
Spade : Dig
Spanner : Grip
Shovel : Scoop
4.Worker & Working Place
E.g. Farmer : Field : : Doctor : Hospital
Pilot : Cockpit
Umpire : Pitch
Warrior : Battlefield
Salilor : Ship
5.Product & Raw Material
E.g. Cloth : Fibre : : Petrol : Crude Oil
Grape : Wine
Metal : Ore
Paper : Pulp
Sack : Jute
6.Quantity & Unit
E.g. Length : Meter : : Distance : Light Year
Current : Ampere
Pressure : Pascal
Resistance : Ohm
Potential : Volt
7.Instrument & Measurement
E.g. Barometer : Prissure : : Spudometer : Speed
Screw Gauge : Thickness
Anemometer : Humdidity
Hygrometer : Current
Ammeter : Current
8.Study & Topic
E.g. Botany ; Plants : : Ornithology : Birds
Oology : Eggs
Onomatology : Names
Semantics : Language
Orography : Mountains
9.Word & Intensity
E.g. Anger : Rage : : Joy : Ecstasy
Crime : Sin
Refuse : Deny
Famous : Renowned
Sink : Drown
10.Cause & effect
E.g. Shoot : kill : : Race : Fatigue
Insult : Humiliate
Fast : Hunger
Reading : Knowledge
11.Symbolic Relationship
E.g. Green : Clear : : Stars : Rank
Black : Sorrow
Male : Majesty
Red Cross : Hospital
Swastika : Fortune
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