Q1. The gas used for artificial fruit ripening of green fruit is —
हरे फल को कृत्रिम फल बनाने के लिए उपयोग की जाने वाली गैस कौन सी है?
(a) Ethylene/ एथिलीन
(b) Acetylene / एसिटिलीन
(c) Ethane / एटैन
(d) Methane / मीथेन
S1.Ans (a)
Sol. Ethylene can promote ripening in tomatoes,bananas, citrus, pineapples, dates, persimmons,pears, apples, melons, mangos, avocados, papayas and jujubes - a clear indication that the action of ethylene is general and widespread amongst a number of fruits. It is clear that ethylene is a ripening hormone - a chemical substance produced by fruits with the specific biological phenomenon of accelerating the normal process of fruit maturation and senescence.
Q2. The three elements most needed in common fertilisers are :
सामान्य उर्वरकों में सबसे आवश्यक तीन तत्व हैं:
(a) Sulphur, Phosphorous and sodium / सल्फर, फास्फोरस और सोडियम
(b) Nitrogen, Potassium and Phosphorous/ नाइट्रोजन, पोटेशियम और फॉस्फोरस
(c) Phosphorous, Sodium and Nitrogen / फॉस्फोरस, सोडियम और नाइट्रोजन
(d) Calcium, Phosphorous and Potassium / कैल्शियम, फॉस्फोरस और पोटेशियम
S2.Ans (b)
Sol. Fertilizer (or fertiliser) is any organic or inorganic material of natural or synthetic origin (other than liming materials) that is added to a soil to supply one or more plant nutrients essential to the growth of plants. The three elements most needed in common fertilisers are Nitrogen. Potassium and Phosphorous
Q3. Which one of the following metals pollutes the air of a city having large number of automobiles?
निम्नलिखित में से कौन सी धातु बड़ी संख्या में ऑटोमोबाइल वाले शहर की हवा को प्रदूषित करती है?
(a) Cadmium / कैडमियम
(b) Chromium / क्रोमियम
(c) Lead / लीड
(d) Copper / कॉपर
S3.Ans (c)
Sol. The history of car pollution has been one of air and water contamination followed by regulated improvement. Cars and trucks cause a lot of air the pollution in the world today, and contribute a lot to the most common and dangerous air pollutants. About 2.3 million tons of lead in lead acid (PbA) batteries is on the road now. Over 1 million tons of lead is used in making new batteries each year. In the past, motor vehicles were the biggest source of lead. But since leaded gasoline has been phased out, lead emissions have decreased by about 98 percent. Today, metal processing is the biggest source of atmospheric lead. The highest air concentrations are found in the vicinity of ferrous and nonferrous smelters and battery manufacturers.
Q4. What is the chemical name for ‘baking soda’?
'बेकिंग सोडा के लिए रासायनिक नाम क्या है?
(a) Sodium carbonate / सोडियम कार्बोनेट
(b) Sodium bicarbonate/ सोडियम बाइकार्बोनेट
(c) Sodium nitrite / सोडियम नाइट्राइट
(d) Sodium nitrate / सोडियम नाइट्रेट
S4.Ans (b)
Sol. Sodium bicarbonate or sodium hydrogen carbonate is the chemical compound with the formula NaHCO3. Sodium bicarbonate is a white solid that is crystalline but often appears as a fine powder. It has a slightly salty, alkaline taste resembling that of washing soda (sodium carbonate). Since it has long been known and is widely used, the salt has many related names such as baking soda, bread soda, cooking soda, and bicarbonate of soda.
Q5. An atomic pile is used for
एक परमाणु ढेर ____के लिए प्रयोग किया जाता है.
(a) producing X-rays /एक्स-रे उत्पादन
(b) conducting nuclear fission / परमाणु विखंडन आयोजित करना
(c) coducting thermonuclear fusion / थर्मोन्यूक्लियर संलयन आयोजित करना
(d) accelerating atoms/ परमाणुओं को तीव्र करना
S5.Ans. (b)
Sol An atomic pile is a nuclear reactor that uses controlled nuclear fission to generate energy. The most common reactor consists of a large assembly of graphite (an allotropic form of carbon) blocks having rods of uranium metal (fuel).
Q6. Which of the following gases is present under pressure in soft drinks?
निम्नलिखित में से कौन सी गैस सॉफ्ट ड्रिंक के दबाव में मौजूद होती है?
(a) Oxygen / ऑक्सीजन
(b) Nitrogen / नाइट्रोजन
(c) Carbon dioxide / कार्बन डाइऑक्साइड
(d) Nitrous oxide / नाइट्रस ऑक्साइड
S6.Ans (c)
Sol. Carbon dioxide is present under pressure in soft drinks. Carbon dioxide adds that special sparkle and bite to the beverage and also acts as a mild preservative. Carbon dioxide is an uniquely suitable gas for soft drinks because it is inert, non-toxic, and relatively inexpensive and easy to liquefy.
Q7. The substance which does not expand on going from liquid state to solid state is
वह पदार्थ जो तरल अवस्था से ठोस अवस्था में जाने पर फैलता नहीं है-
(a) Water / पानी
(b) Cast-iron / कच्चा लोहा
(c) Aluminium / एल्युमीनियम
(d) Type metal / टाइप मेटल
S7.Ans (d)
Sol. In printing, type metal (sometimes called hot metal) refers to the metal alloys used in traditional type founding and hot metal typesetting. Lead is the main constituent of these alloys. Antimony and tin are added to make the character produced durable and tough while reducing the difference between the coefficients of expansion of the matrix and the alloy. Pure metal melts and solidifies in a simple manner at a specific temperature. This is not the case with alloys.
Q8. The radio-active element used in heart pacemakers is
हार्ट पेसमेकर में इस्तेमाल किये जाने वाला रेडियो-सक्रिय तत्व -
(a) Uranium / यूरेनियम
(b) Deuterium / ड्यूटेरियम
(c) Plutonium / प्लूटोनियम
(d) Radium / रेडियम
S8.Ans (c)
Sol. Pacemakers are used to stimulate a regular heartbeat when the body's natural electrical pacing system is irregular or not transmitting properly. Over the years, various power sources have been used for pacemakers, including a radioactive material called plutonium-238.
Q9. The element which is commonly used in nuclear for producing electricity by nuclear fission is
परमाणु विखंडन द्वारा बिजली उत्पादन के लिए आमतौर पर उपयोग किया जाने वाला तत्व कौन सा है?
(a) Radium / रेडियम
(b) Plutonium/ प्लूटोनियम
(c) Uranium / यूरेनियम
(d) Deuterium / ड्यूटेरियम
S9.Ans (c)
Sol. Uranium is used to produce a chemical and nuclear reaction which makes a lot of heat. This heat is used to turn water into steam, which turns turbines urbines generate electricity.
Q10. Table salt gets moist during rainy season because
बरसात के मौसम में टेबल साल्ट नम क्यों हो जाता है?
(a) sodium chloride is hygroscopic / सोडियम क्लोराइड हाइग्रस्कापिक है.
(b) sodium chloride is deliquescent / सोडियम क्लोराइड देलिक़ुएस्केन्त है.
(c) sodium chloride contains some quantity of sodium iodide /सोडियम क्लोराइड में कुछ मात्रा सोडियम आयोडाइड की होती है.
(d) sodium chloride contains hygroscopic impurities like magnesium chloride / सोडियम क्लोराइड में मैग्नीशियम क्लोराइड जैसे हाइग्रोस्कोपिक अशुद्धताएं होती हैं
S10.Ans (d)
Sol. Table salt is refined salt, which contains about 97 to 99 percent sodium chloride. It usually contains substances that make it free-flowing (anticaking agents) such as sodium aluminosilicate or magnesium carbonate. Because of Hygroscopic nature of salt it
become wet in rainy season as the salt absorbs moisture from environment.
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